3.1.3 (2D) - synaptic plasticity

Question 1

Synaptic plasticity

Answer 1

The ability of the brain/synaptic connections to change + modify over time in response to activity or experience.

Question 2

Mechanisms of plasticity

Answer 2

Sprouting
Rerouting
Pruning

Question 3

Sprouting

Answer 3

The ability of dendrites or axons to develop new extensions or branches.

Question 4

Rerouting

Answer 4

The ability of a neuron that is connected to a damaged neuron, to create an alternative connection with an undamaged neuron.

Question 5

Pruning

Answer 5

The elimination of synaptic connections that are not adequately activated.

Question 6

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

Answer 6

The long-lasting and experience-dependent strengthening of synaptic connections that are regularly activated.
- Increase no. of receptor sites on post dendrites.
- Dendritic growth (sprouting).
- Increase no. of synaptic connections.

Question 7

Long-term depression (LTD)

Answer 7

The long-lasting and experience-dependent weakening of synaptic connections between neurons that are not regularly activated.
- Decrease no. of receptor sites on post dendrites.
- Pruning of dendrites.
- Loss of synaptic connections.

Question 8

Combined effects of LTP + LTD

Answer 8

Wokr together to strengthen frequently used skills + knowledge, and weaken infrequent.