Innervation of Upper Limbs

Question 1

Where does the axillary artery branch from?

Answer 1

Subclavian

Question 2

After passing which structure does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 2

Teres major

Question 3

What two arteries anastomose around the surgical neck of the humerous?

Answer 3

Anterior and posterior circumflex

Question 4

Just before passing under pectoralis minor what artery branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 4

Thorasico-acromial artery

Question 5

When does the axillary vein bifurcate?

Answer 5

Right at the boundary

Question 6

What does the axillary vein bifurcate into?

Answer 6

Cephalic vein (lateral side of the arm to thumb)
Basillic vein (median side of the arm to the finger)

Question 7

Where is blood commonly taken from within the cubital fossa?

Answer 7

Median cubital (communicating) vein

Question 8

During biopsy of the lymph nodes what nerve is most likely to be damaged, and how would you be able to tell?

Answer 8

Long thorassic nerve
Winged scapula (as seratous anterior innervation is lost)

Question 9

Which spinal nerves fuse to form the musculocutaneous nerve within the brachial plexus?

Answer 9

C5

C6

Question 10

Which spinal nerves fuse to form the axillary nerve within the brachial plexus?

Answer 10

C5

C6

Question 11

Which spinal nerves fuse to form the median nerve within the brachial plexus?

Answer 11

C7
C8
T1

Question 12

Which spinal nerves fuse to form the radial nerve within the brachial plexus?

Answer 12

C6
C7
C8

Question 13

Which spinal nerves fuse to form the ulnar nerve within the brachial plexus?

Answer 13

C8

T1

Question 14

What does the musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus supply?

Answer 14

Flexors of the upper arm

Question 15

What does the axillary nerve of the brachial plexus supply?

Answer 15

Deltoids

Question 16

Which artery does the axillary nerve run alongside?

Answer 16

Posterior communicating artery

Question 17

Name the three flexor muscles?

Answer 17

BBC -
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachii

Question 18

What motor and sensory deficits may be seen with a upper brachial plexus injury (C5/C6)?

Answer 18

Loss of flexion at the elbow and shoulder
Loss of abduction of the shoulder and arm
Loss of lateral rotation of the shoulder
Loss of sensation at lateral aspect of arm

Question 19

What motor and sensroy deficits may be seen with a lower brachial plexus injury (C8/T1)?

Answer 19

Loss of wrist and finger movement

Loss of sensation at medial aspect of arm and hand

Question 20

What motor and sensroy deficits may be seen with an axillary nerve injury?

Answer 20

Loss of motor control to the deltoid therefore loss of abduction of shoulder and lateral rotation
Loss of sensation the the sergeants patch (C5)

Question 21

What motor deficits may be seen with an thoracodorsal nerve injury?

Answer 21

Loss of motor control to the lattisimus dorsi muscle and therefore loss of adduction of the shoulder