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Thought, Sense and Movement > Structure of Bone > Flashcards

Structure of Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What cell is bone derived from?

A

Mesenchymal cells

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2
Q

What type of bone forms the dense outer cortex?

A

Compact corticle bone

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3
Q

What type of bone forms the inner cavity of bones?

A

Trabecular/spongy bone meshwork

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4
Q

What lines the inside of a medullary cavity?

A

Endosteum

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5
Q

What lines the outside of the medullary cavity?

A

Periosteum

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6
Q

What is the name given to the ends of long bones?

A

Epiphysis (where bone growth occurs)

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7
Q

What is the name given to the middle of long bones?

A

Diaphysis

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8
Q

Describe woven bone?

A

Immature bone with an irregular pattern

Extracellular matrix is made up of collagen fibrils

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9
Q

describe lamellar bone?

A

Mature bone with haversian systems arranged in layers

In can exist as either compact or trabecular

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10
Q

Where is woven bone found in an adult?

A

Tooth socket

Cranial sutures

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11
Q

What is found on the outer layers of haversian bone?

A

Collagen and blood vessels

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12
Q

What forms the inner layer of haversian bone and what is found here?

A

Internally lined with endosteum containing osteoprogenitor cells and reticular fibres

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13
Q

What travels in the central canal of haversian systems?

A

Blood vessels

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14
Q

What are Volksman’s canals?

A

Perindicular (to the central haversian canal) containing blood vessels

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15
Q

What connects muscle tendons to bone?

A

Sharpey’s fibres

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16
Q

What structure traps immobile osteocytes?

A

Lacunae

17
Q

What is the chemical formula of hydroxyapetite?

A

Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

18
Q

Name all of the organic compounds involved in bone mineralisation?

A

Osteoid collagen
Proteins x2
Proteoglycans

19
Q

Name the two organic proteins and which one is secreted by osteoblasts?
What is their function?

A

Osteopontin
Osteocalcin (secreted by osteoblasts)
Bind osteoblasts to the bone matrix

20
Q

What type of collagen fibrils make up osteoid collagen?

A

Type I

21
Q

Name the inorganic compounds involved in bone mineralisation?

A

Hydroxyapetite

22
Q

What does hydroxyapetite seeding and growth depend on?

A

Concentration of Calcium and Phosphate

23
Q

Bone can only grow where crystal nuclei can form, what does normal tissue contain to prevent bone formation?

A

Pyrophosphates

Thought, Sense and Movement (32 decks)

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