3.2 Transport In Animals

Question 1

What is a double circulatory system?

Answer 1

One in which the blood flows through the heart twice for each circuit of the body

Question 3

What is a single circulatory system?

Answer 3

One in which the blood flows through the heart once for each circuit of the body

Question 4

What is transport?

Answer 4

The movement of substances such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, waste and heat around the body

Question 5

What are arteries?

Answer 5

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 6

What are arterioles?

Answer 6

Small blood vessels that distribute blood form an artery to the capillaries

Question 7

What are capillaries?

Answer 7

Very small vessels with very thin walls

Question 8

What are closed circulatory systems?

Answer 8

One in which the blood is held in vessels

Question 9

What is an open circulatory system?

Answer 9

One in which the blood is not held in vessels

Question 10

What are veins?

Answer 10

Vessels that carry blood back to the heart

Question 11

What are venules?

Answer 11

Small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead into the veins

Question 12

What is blood?

Answer 12

The fluid used to transport materials around the body

Question 13

What is hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 13

The pressure that a fluid exerts when pushing against the sides of a vessel or container

Question 14

What is lymph?

Answer 14

The fluid held in the lymphatic system.
Which uebwbsusten or tube they returns excess tissue fluid to the blood system

Question 15

What is oncotic pressure?

Answer 15

The pressure created by the osmotic effects of the solutes

Question 16

What are the atrio-ventricular valves?

Answer 16

Valves between the atria and ventricles
They ensure the blood flows in the correct direction

Question 17

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 17

Specialised muscle found in the walls of the heart chambers

Question 18

What are the semi lunar valves?

Answer 18

Valves that prevent back flow of blood from the arteries

Question 19

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 19

The he sequence of events in one full beat of the heart

Question 20

What is bradycardia?

Answer 20

A slow heart rhythm

Question 21

What is an ectopic heart beat?

Answer 21

An extra beat or an early beat of the ventricles

Question 22

What is an electrocardiogram?

Answer 22

A trace that records the electrical activity of the heart

Question 23

What is fibrillation?

Answer 23

Uncoordinated contraction of the atria and ventricles

Question 24

What is myogenic muscle?

Answer 24

Muscle that can initiate its own contraction

Question 25

What is purkyne tissue?

Answer 25

Consists of speculation adapter muscle fibres that consist the wave of excitation from the AVN down the septum to the ventricles

Question 26

What is the SAN?

Answer 26

Sino-atrial node The hearts pacemaker It is a small patch of tissue that sends out waves of electrical excitation at regular intervals in order to initiate contractions

Question 27

What is tachycardia?

Answer 27

A rapid heart rhythm

Question 28

What does affinity mean?

Answer 28

A string attraction

Question 29

What is the hearts pacemaker?

Answer 29

The sino-atrial node

Question 30

What is dissociation?

Answer 30

The releasing of oxygen from oxyhaemoglobin

Question 31

What is carbonic anhydrase?

Answer 31

The anyone that catalyses the combination of carbon dioxide and water

Question 32

What is the chloride shift? Brief explanation

Answer 32

The he movement of chloride ions into the erythrocytes to balance the charge as hydrogencarbonate ions leave the cell

Question 33

What is the Bohr effect? Brief explanation

Answer 33

The effect that extra carbon dioxide has on haemoglobin, explaining the release of more oxygen

Question 34

What is haemoglobinic acid?

Answer 34

The compound formed by the buffering action of haemoglobin as it combines with excess hydrogen ions