3.2.1.6 Globalisation Critique Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are hyperglobalists views
- Support globalisation
- See nation state as no longer important and view a new geographical era in which there is a single global market
- Accept the importance of decision making above the level of individual states
What are sceptics views
- Globalisation is not new and has always existed
- Sceptical of free movements of goods as many countries adopt protectionist measures
- Globalisation marginalises the poor
What are transformationalists views
- In between sceptics and hyperglobalists
- Accept increasing globalisation but think role of governments is changing rather than being overtaken by group decision making
- Acknowledge time space compression
Examples of HICs opposing globalisation
- Trump withdrawing US from TPPA and placing 35% tariff on Mexican goods (MAGA in general)
- Britain leaving EU
Examples of NEEs/LICs opposing some forms of globalisation
- Iran’s strict censorship laws to prevent western media influence
- China exerting rigid government control over international media accesses by citizens- also far less integrated in global systems
Why do some HICs oppose globalisation
- Communities in ‘rust belt’ who experienced effects of deindustrialisation in US and UK- globalisation ruined their economies
- Some, such as US, want self sufficiency
- Some (particularly in Britain) felt high rates of immigration left job shortages
Why do some LICs/NEEs oppose globalisation
- ‘Anti-Americanisation’ and ‘Anti-Western’ views to protect culture- Eg Iran
Apple Inc as a critique of globalisation
- Low quality jobs- Pegatron and Foxconn treat workers poorly
- Long term, will only marginalise poor and low skilled workers more so
- Western nations tend to consume their high quality goods despite the inequalities in their production
Coffee industry as critique for globalisation
- Farmers of coffee earn the smallest % of profit in coffee sales, with TNCs earning the most, despite the most intensive labour
- LICs in South America and Asia usually produce coffee, earning little
- Fairtrade ignorant of many of the poorest countries
UN as a critique for globalisation
- Dominated by global superpowers
- UNSC- permanent members getting a ‘veto’ means they have control over less influential countries, which could be used for personal gain
Antarctica as a critique of globalisation
- LIC nations need resources from Antartica the most for financial gain, rather than the most powerful nations
- Could be used to bridge the gap rather than increase it
What is Brain drain and why is it bad
- People leaving LICs to work in HICs for higher wages
- Causes LICs to lose all of skilled/educated workers, making the economy lose out
Why can outsourcing/offshoring be viewed as bad
- ‘race to the bottom’ of wages leads to social/environmental injustices in nations such as China and Taiwan
Why is TNC domination bad
- Can become more powerful than some governments- threatens democracy
- Create ‘core’ and ‘periphery’ regions
- Lots of transportation of goods- environmental impact
Why can deindustrialization be bad
- Leads to unemployment and deprivation in some regions who relied on it as a form of income- structural unemployment
What is cultural dilution
- Original cultures being ignored as everyone becomes influenced by the same sources
- Eg Mcdonalds
Why can trading blocs be seen as good consequence of globalisation
- Use of SDTs- allow LICs greater access to markets- bridging the gap
Why could outsourcing/offshoring be seen as good consequence of globalisation
- Greater range of goods available- better QOL for some
Why can TNCs be seen as good consequence of globalisation
- Pay 40% higher wages than local firms- multiplier effect
- China’s wages increased by 34% in last 20 years
Why are remittances a good consequence of globalisation
- Capital sent back home to support family members in LICs- higher wages than locally attainable
- 40% of Somalis wouldn’t be able to survive without them
