3.2.2.3 Ethical and socio-cultural issues in sport

Question 1

Etiquette is

Answer 1

Unwritten rules in sport that are observed by all performers

Question 2

Contract to compete is

Answer 2

An unwritten agreement between opponents to abide by the written and unwritten rules of the sport

Question 3

Sportsmanship is

Answer 3

Playing by the rules and using sports etiquette

Question 4

Gamesmanship is

Answer 4

Deliberately bending but not breaking the rules to gain an advantage

Question 5

Advantages of PED’s

Answer 5

Increased chance of success
Fame and fortune
To “level the playing field” if they believe others use it

Question 6

Disadvantages of PED’s

Answer 6

Unethical
Damaged reputation
Side effects and health risks

Question 7

Stimulants are

Answer 7

Drugs that affect the CNS, increasing mental and physical alertness and reducing fatigue

Question 8

Stimulants pros

Answer 8

Increased arousal
Reduced fatigue
Faster fat loss
Increases rate that heart reaches maximum HR

Question 9

Stimulants cons

Answer 9

Headaches
High blood pressure
Stroke
Irregular heartbeat
Addictive
Anxiety

Question 10

Which performer may use stimulants

Answer 10

Long-distance runners

Question 11

What are narcotic analgesics

Answer 11

Drugs that mask pain

Question 12

narcotic analgesics pros

Answer 12

Allow performer to overtrain without pain
Gain an unfair advantage

Question 13

Narcotic analgesics cons

Answer 13

Respiratory depression
Masks injury
Constipation
Apathy
Addictive

Question 14

Which performer would use narcotic analgesics

Answer 14

Marathon runners

Question 15

Anabolic agents are

Answer 15

Artificially produced hormones that mimic testosterone

Question 16

Anabolic agent pros

Answer 16

Promote muscle and bone growth
Reduce recovery time
Performer can train more
Increased strength and endurance

Question 17

Anabolic agents cons

Answer 17

Organ damage
Infertility
Tendon injury
Hair loss
Acne
High blood pressure
Mental health issues
Develop opposite gender features

Question 18

Which performer would use anabolic agents

Answer 18

Sprinters

Question 19

What are peptide hormones

Answer 19

Drugs that stimulate the production of natural hormones

Question 20

Peptide hormones pros

Answer 20

More red blood cells
More aerobic capacity
Fatigue takes longer

Question 21

Peptide hormones cons

Answer 21

Thicker blood
Risk of heart attack
Risk of embolism
Risk of stroke

Question 22

Peptide hormones perfomer

Answer 22

Endurance athletes

Question 23

What are diuretics

Answer 23

Drugs that help remove fluid form the body by increasing urination

Question 24

Diruetics pros

Answer 24

Lose weight quickly
Masking agents - remove other drugs

Question 25

Diuretics side effects

Answer 25

Dehydration Kidney failure Heart failure Muscle cramps headaches Dizziness

Question 26

What perfomer might use diuretics

Answer 26

Boxers

Question 27

What is blood doping

Answer 27

Removing blood a few weeks before competition, freezing it, then re-injecting it just before

Question 28

Blood doping benefits

Answer 28

More red-blood cells Oxygen-capacity increased Fatigue takes longer Shorter recovery time

Question 29

Blood doping side effects

Answer 29

Thicker blood Risk of heart attack Risk fo infection Embolism Stroke

Question 30

Which performer would use blood doping

Answer 30

Endurance athletes

Question 31

What are beta blockers

Answer 31

Substances that reduce the effects of adrenaline

Question 32

Beta blockers pros

Answer 32

Reduce heart rate, muscle tension and blood pressure Improve fine motor control and preciseness Calm and relax performer

Question 33

beta blockers cons

Answer 33

Nausea Tiredness and weakness Risk of heart issues

Question 34

Performers that would use beta blockers

Answer 34

Shooting

Question 35

Positive effects of spectators

Answer 35

Home-field advantage Source fo revenue Energetic atmosphere Increase sport profile

Question 36

Negative effects of spectators

Answer 36

Crowd trouble Intimidation of performers More pressure on performers Crowd management costs

Question 37

Hooliganism is

Answer 37

disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events

Question 38

6 causes of hooliganism

Answer 38

Alcohol/drugs Strong rivalries Frustration at game Gang culture Media hype Displays of masculinity

Question 39

7 ways to prevent hooliganism

Answer 39

Early kick-offs All seater-stadia Segregation of fans Improved security Alcohol restrictions Travel restricitons Educating supporters