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Unit 7 History > 32.3 > Flashcards

32.3 Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

What major waterway does the ME command?

A

Persian Gulf

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2
Q

Since the CW western nations act to prevent what?

A

Regional powers from interfering with the oil supply

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3
Q

How and when was modern Israel established?

A

1948 as apart of the UN partition plan

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4
Q

What did the Arabs think of the Partition plan?

A

They think it is illegitimate

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5
Q

What did claims of land lead to?

A

War in…
- 1948
- 1956
- 1967
- 1973

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6
Q

What did Israel face after they beat the Arabs?

A

Terrorist attacks

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7
Q

What did the US try to do during these attacks?

A

Keep the peace

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8
Q

After the 1967 war Israel took control of land where?

A

In Jordan and Egypt
- west bank
- east jerusalem
- sinai peninsula
- golan heights in syria

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9
Q

When was Israel attacked in 1973?

A

During Yom Kippur

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10
Q

What is Yom Kippur?

A

One of the holiest days of the Jewish year

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11
Q

What did Arabs lose in 1973?

A

Occupied lands

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12
Q

What did Israel help Jewish settlers do?

A

Build homes in occupied lands (Palestines angry)

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13
Q

Who led the decade long struggle against Israel?

A

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

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14
Q

Who led PLO?

A

Yasir Arafat

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15
Q

How did PLO gain the worlds attention?

A
  • Airplane hijackings
  • Killing Israeli athletes at the 1972 olympics
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16
Q

What did the Philistines do in the occupied territories in 1987?

A

Resist Israel with Intifadas

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17
Q

What are intifadas?

A

Uprisings

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18
Q

What did young palestinians do to israel troops

A

Fired on them

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19
Q

What did suicide bombers do?

A

Blew up buildings and busses killing many israeli citizens

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20
Q

How did Israel respond to the suicide bombers?

A
  • Sealing towns off for raids
  • targeting terrorist leaders
    Many Pal citizens died
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21
Q

Who was Israels first woman Prime Minister?

A

Golda Meir

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22
Q

What was Meir planning?

A

Peace talks about the 1973 Arab attack

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23
Q

Who made peace with Israel and when?

A

King Hussein in 1994

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24
Q

What country would Israel not find peace with and why?

A

Syria because of the Golan heights control

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25
Who signed the Oslo accords and when?
Arafat and the Israeli PM Yitzhak Rabin 1993
26
What were the Oslo Accords?
Pal authority got West Bank limited self-rule under their authority
27
What did PLO have to do when the West Bank got self-rule?
- Had to recognize Is right to exist - PLO stopped terrorist attacks
28
What did Arafat lead?
Pal Authority until death in 2004
29
What did Is view Arafat as?
Terrorist supporter
30
Who was Arafat's successor and what did he do?
Mahmoud Abbas planned to stop Pal attacks on Is
31
Violence between what two groups?
Fatah vs Hamas
32
Who made up Fatah?
Arafat and successors political party
33
Who made up Hamas?
Radical Islamists
34
Which of the two groups won most in parliament?
Hamas
35
What did Hamas attacks bring?
Reprisal against Pal
36
Who were the Hezbollah?
Radical islamist group in Lebanon and funded by Iran
37
What did Hez launch in 2006?
Rocket attacks in Northern Is
38
How does Is respond to Hez attacks?
Small attacks on land in air and in sea which led to small war with major damage
39
What is reason one why Is and Pal can't achieve peace?
- Pal wants to return "home" but their home belongs to Is and Is says no - Many worries this could lead to disruption in the Jewish state
40
What is reason 2?
- In the early 2000s Is forced Jews to leave Gaza - Jewish settlers wanted to go to West Bank but Pal says no
41
Reason 3?
Jerusalem is the capital of Is - Gov allowed Christians and Muslims to control their holy sites - Pal wants Jeru as their capital for their future Pal state
42
Why are Islamist groups around the world angry?
Because of the Is Pal problems
43
Who did Iran and Syria support?
Radical groups out to destroy Is
44
What did diplomats in Syria want?
Peace with Is
45
Who created the road map plan?
- US - European Union - Russia - UN
46
What does Jerusalem mean?
City sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims
47
What was the road map plan?
- Plan for peace between Is and Pal - Israel and democratic Pal peacefully live side by side
48
What froze road map plans progress?
- Conflicts in Pal - Hez attacks on Is
49
Leb is a thriving center of what?
Commerce
50
Led has what kind of population?
Diverse ethnic and religious groups
51
After Leb got independence the gov relied on what?
Balance of - Arab christian sects - Sunni and Shiite Muslims - Druze Religions related to islam
52
What did local strongmen control?
- Districts - Armies
53
What religion had the most power in Leb?
Christian
54
What caused problems in Leb in 1970s and why?
Pal Is issues because Pal fled to Leb and the Muslim pop outnumbered Christians
55
Who attacked Is on refugee borders?
PLO
56
Who was forced into a Civil War in 1975?
Leb
57
Who was fighting the 1975 civil war?
Christian and Muslim militias
58
What does Militias mean?
Armed groups of citizen soldiers
59
Who invaded Leb in 1982 and why?
Is to stop cross border attacks
60
What did UN peacekeepers try to do?
Keep the peace but they fled when hundreds were killed due to suicide bombers
61
What do Leb leaders do after 16 years?
Restore order
62
What was slowly rebuilt?
Lebs capital Beirut
63
What sparked the 1 month war
Hez attacking Is
64
What did the 1 month war cause?
Destruction all over Leb
65
Who was Hez popular among?
Leb Shiite Muslims
66
What empire was Iraq carved from?
Ottoman Empire
67
Who made up the Iraq population?
Sunni Arabs (dominant) - Shiite (majority) - Kurds (northern iraq)
68
What did Kurds demand
Self rule
69
What caused the Iran Iraq war?
Land disputes
70
what did the 1980 Iraq dictator do?
Took advantage of Iran turmoil (Saddam Hussien)
71
what did the 1980 Iraq dictator do?
Took advantage of Iran turmoil (Saddam Hussein)
72
How did Huss take advantage of turmoil?
- After Islam rev Huss seized dispute border area which resulted in a long war - Iraq used poison gas and weapons on Iran soldiers - Attacked oil tankers and offshore oil fields in the Persian Gulf
73
What did US send to shipping aid to try to help?
Naval aid
74
When did the war end and what did it end in?
Stalemate in 1988
75
What did Iraq and Iran face after the war?
Major economic and human toll
76
What did Huss repress during the war?
Kurdish revolt in the north
77
What did Huss release on the Kurd civilians?
Chemical weapons
78
What did Huss actions toward Kurds spark?
Genocide
79
What does Iraq do to Kuwait in 1990 and why?
Invades because of rich oil fields
80
Why does Huss want to take over Kuwait?
For greater access to the persian gulf
81
Huss feels Kuwait is apart of what?
Iraq
82
What tactics did Huss use to stay in power?
- Torture - Execution
83
What did the UN set up to protect Shiite and Kurds from Huss?
No- fly zones
84
What are no fly zones?
Areas where Iraqi aircrafts were forbidden to fly
85
What did the UN try to keep Huss from doing?
Using oil profits for weapons of mass destruction
86
What are weapons of mass?
Nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons
87
Who did Huss constantly defy?
UN
88
What does the US and Britain charge Huss for in the early 2000s?
Terrorist support and weapons of mass
89
What did Brit and US form and why?
Coalition to invade Iraq in 2003
90
Did the coalition win?
Yes
91
What did Huss get faced with for his war crime?
Trial and execution
92
What do Shiite Sunni and Kurdish leaders do after Huss is gone?
Create a constitution and holds elections in 2005
93
Why slowed the rebuilding of Iraq?
Violence
94
Who fought the Shiite led gov?
Insurgents
95
What are insurgents?
Rebels
96
What are some difficulties in the Iraq gov?
- Ethnic and religion divisions worsened - Country close to civil war
97
What is the capital of Iraq?
Baghad
98
What militias fought in Baghad?
Sunni and Shiite
99
Who trained the Iraq military?
US and Britain
100
Who was the Iraq gov divided amongst?
Shiite Sunni and Kurds but they failed to work together
101
Who supported Iraq military efforts and why?
President George W. Bush to keep the peace and stop the violence in Iraq

Unit 7 History (3 decks)

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