Ch 12 Substance Use Disorders Flashcards

0
Q

What are manifestations of withdrawal?

A

Nausea, vomiting, tremors,restlessness, inability to sleep, depressed mood, or irritability, increased HR, BP, respiratory rate, temperature and tonic clinic seizures……illusions are also common.

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1
Q

Effects of withdrawal usually start when?

A

They usually start within 4-12 hours of the last intake of alcohol, peak after 24-48 hours and subside within 5-7 days, unless alcohol withdrawal occurs.

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2
Q

How soon may alcohol delirium occur after cessation of alcohol?

A

Alcohol withdrawal delirium may occur 2-3 days after cessation of alcohol, may last 2-3 days and is considered a medical emergency…

Findings include severe disorientation, psychotic manifestations ( hallucinations), severe hypertension, and cardiac dysrhythmias that may progress to death.

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3
Q

Give examples of benzodiazepines that are used for detoxification of alcohol.

A

chlordiazeapoxide (Librium), diazepam ( Valium), lorazepam ( Ativan)

Intended effects are:
Maintenance of vital signs within normal limits
Decrease in the risk of seizures
Decrease in the intensity of withdrawal manifestations.

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4
Q

When should chlordiazeapoxide be administered?

A

Chlordiazeapoxide should only b administered if the is able to tolerate oral intake. Otherwise,use IV route for diazepam and lorazepam. The client may continue with lorazepam and diazepam orally.

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5
Q

What is the intended effect of carbamazepine relating to alcohol detoxification?

A

It decreases seizures

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6
Q

What is the intended effect of clonidine and propranolol related to alcohol withdrawal?

A

These meds depress the autonomic response( decrease in BP, HR)

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7
Q

What is the intended effect of propranolol related to alcohol detoxification?

A

It decreases the cravings!

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