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Unit 3 Disease Charts > 3.3 > Flashcards

3.3 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Is there acute infarction in TIA

A

nope

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2
Q

therapy for noncardiogenic stroke/tia

A

clopidogrel
aspirin

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3
Q

therapy for cardiogenic stroke/tia

A

warfarin or direct oral anticoagulant

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4
Q

meningiomas arise from what cells

A

arachnoid cap cells

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5
Q

where are meningiomas commonly found

A

base of skull
perivenous sinuses

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6
Q

what is the second leading cause of death worldwide

A

stroke

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7
Q

when do embolic strokes typically occur

A

during day

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8
Q

when do thrombotic strokes typically occur

A

at night

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9
Q

subdural hemorrhage is due to

A

bridging veins

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10
Q

who is at risk for subdural hematoma

A

elderly
alcoholics

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11
Q

are neurologic symptoms gradual or sudden in subdural hematoma

A

gradual

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12
Q

can the bleed cross the suture line in subdural hematoma

A

YES

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13
Q

what reflex do we commonly see in epidural hematoma

A

Cushing reflex

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14
Q

what is Cushing reflex

A

triad of HTN, bradycardia, irregular breathing

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15
Q

in which hematoma type does the bleed appear to be biconvex

A

epidural hematoma

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16
Q

in which hematoma subtype do people experience a thunderclap headache

A

subarachnoid

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17
Q

AVM increases risk of

A

subarachnoid hematoma

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18
Q

what might you see on LP for subarachnoid hematoma

A

xanthochromia

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19
Q

what is a mycotic aneurysm due to

A

bacteria

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20
Q

what is typically a secondary phenomenon from subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

intraventricular hemorrhage

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21
Q

what brain tumor is most commonly found in kids

A

astrocytoma

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22
Q

what brain tumor is most commonly found in adults

A

glioblastoma

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23
Q

what is the most aggressive brain tumor

A

glioblastoma

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24
Q

what 2 viruses increase risk of glioblastoma

A

HHV-6
cytomegalovirus

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25
what do we call a glioblastoma that crosses the corpus callosum
butterfly glioma
26
what virus is positive in 90% of cases of CNS lymphoma
Epstein-Barr virus
27
myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder in which one develops antibodies to
acetylcholine
28
in what population of people is myasthenia gravis more common
young women older men
29
what type of hypersensitivity reaction is myasthenia gravis
type 2
30
myasthenia gravis has a strong association with
abnormal thymus gland
31
what are the two main manifestations of myasthenia gravis
ocular weakness generalized weakness worsened with repeated use
32
what are typically the PRESENTING symptoms (first symptoms) of myasthenia gravis
diplopia ptosis
33
what is spared in myasthenia gravis
pupils
34
when does muscle weakness worsen in myasthenia gravis (this is so important)
with activity -- worsens throughout the day
35
when does muscle weakness worsen in myasthenia gravis (this is so important)
with activity -- worsens throughout the day
36
what is typically preserved in myasthenia gravis besides pupils
sensation deep tendon reflexes
37
what should be done in all patients with myasthenia gravis to detect thymus gland abnormalities
chest imaging
38
what test can be performed in myasthenia gravis
ice pack test
39
what two tests are more accurate for myasthenia gravis
repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) single fiber electromyography (SFEMG)
40
block in CSF pathway
obstructive hydrocephalus
41
impaired absorption of CSF
communicating hydrocephalus
42
triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus
gait disturbance (wobbly) urinary incontinence (wet) cognitive dysfunction/dementia (wacky)
43
what type of gait do people with normal pressure hydrocephalus typically have
wide-based shuffling gait --> magnetic gait!!!!
44
treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus
ventriculoperitoneal shunt
45
Skull has a set volume and pressure for what 3 things
brain volume CSF intracranial venous and arterial blood
46
localized collection of pus in the parenchyma of the brain
brain abscess
47
important risk factor for brain abscess
immunocompromised
48
which lobes are most likely to be affected in brain abscess
frontal temporal
49
which type of glaucoma is an emergency
ACUTE NARROW angle closure glaucoma
50
which type of glaucoma is painful
acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
51
are people who are farsighted or near-sighted at increased risk of developing acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
farsighted (hyperopes)
52
is eye pain unilateral or bilateral in acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
unilateral
53
what type of vision do people with acute narrow angle closure glaucoma typically have
tunnel vision (halos around lights and peripheral vision)
54
what will you see on fundoscopy for acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
optic disc cupping or blurring of optic nerve
55
on tonometry, what would you expect for the pressure in acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
> 21 mmHg
56
do you see hypotension or hypertension in AAA
hypotension
57
is chronic open angle glaucoma painless or painful
painless
58
what is papilledema
optic nerve swelling
59
acute inflammatory demyelination of the optic nerve
optic neuritis
60
what is the most common cause of optic neuritis
multiple sclerosis
61
what medication is a common cause of optic neuritis
ethambutol
62
is optic neuritis painful or painless
painful
63
because multiple sclerosis is a common cause of optic neuritis, what might we see in regards to the pupil
Marcus gunn pupil
64
brodman area for Wernicke
brodman 22
65
what lobe is affected in wernickes aphasia
temporal
66
what lobe is affected in Broca's aphasia
frontal
67
brodmann areas or Broca's aphasia
44 and 45
68
what disease are AVMs commonly associated with
Osler-Weber-Rendu disease
69
what lobes are affected in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
posterior occipital parietal lobes
70
how does PRES commonly present
seizure
71
is the headache in PRES responsive to therapy
no
72
when do you perform carotid endarterectomy
70-99% stenosed
73
what nerve is affected in Bell's palsy
facial nerve/CN7
74
what virus is the most common cause of Bell's palsy
HSV1
75
eye on the affected side moves laterally and superiorly when eye closure is attempted
Bell phenomenon seen in Bell's palsy

Unit 3 Disease Charts (7 decks)

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