3.3 Limitations for agencies in achieving social control Flashcards
(7 cards)
Repeat offending:
1) What is Recidivism + Stat
2) Example of an increased prison sentence
3) Who is likely to re-offend
4) How does Prison link to right realism?
1) Recidivism = repeat offending, 48% within 1yr, 64% within 2yrs
2) Example of increased prison sentence = in 2003 murder was minimum 12.5 years whereas now it is 20years
3) Groups of people more likely to re-offend = re-offenders, those who have served prison time, males, homelessness + addicts
4) Offenders act rationally when committing crime, so it acts as a deterrent – challenged by high re-offending rates
Civil Liberties and Legal Barriers:
1) Why are there abuses of human rights in authoritarian states?
2) 3 civil liberties?
3) Police breaking civil liberty?
4) Civil Liberty linked to due process model?
1) Because the police have fewer restrictions to force citizens to behave a certain way e.g. 2018 suspicious deaths in Turkey
2) 3 civil liberties = freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to privacy
3) CCTV breaches right to privacy
4) freedom from detention without trial
Access to resources + support:
1) Why does Prison fail to rehabilitate
2) Challenges faced by newly released?
3) Why do those with community sentences re-offend?
1) short sentences, inadequate resources + limited programmes as funding as reduced officers
2) Lack of money (only given £46), Lack of job (¼ have jobs), homelessness.
3) Inadequate rehabilitation (too few specialists programmes like drug treatments), inadequate supervision from NPS
Finance:
1) Police funding cuts?
2) What issues do funding cuts have on prisons?
3) What issues does the NPS face?
1) 19% loss between 2010-2018, 20,000 fall in staff, more cases dropped
2) Budget cuts have caused crisis in prison = HMP Birmingham 2016 – worst riots in 25yrs due to overcrowding and staff shortages
3) Staff shortages, failure from CRCs (Community rehab companies), lack of confidence in service from CJS
1) One gov policy influencing nation wide policing?
2) A policy one local police unit might introduce + why?
1) Government policy influencing police work = 2019 national policy to make it easier for police to carry out stop and searches
2) Local policy police may enforce = in areas with high knife crime, education + stop and searches may increase
1) What is a moral imperative + example?
2) How did the Suffragettes break law + why?
3) How did the Stanstead 15 break the law + why?
1) Moral imperative is an overriding sense of what is right – someone acts on it e.g. Clive Ponting leaked info about Falklands.
2) The Suffragettes broke the law by setting fire to post-boxes + smashing windows, their moral imperative was to get parliament to change the law on voting – 1918 vote given to women over 30.
3) The Stansted 15 had their case of ‘endangering an aerodrome’ when they were campaigning against deportation quashed.
What are the 5 main limitations for agencies achieving social control?
- Recidivism + Re-offending
- Civil Liberties and Legal Barriers
- Access to resources and support
- Funding
- Moral Imperatives