1/29/15 Flashcards
How do you get a pasteurella infection? What diseases/complications does a pasteurella infection lead to?
Usually from a bite from a dog or cat. Pastoral infections usually cause cellulitis or osteomyelitis
What viruses affecting the liver cause equal elevation of AST and ALT? What virus causes AST to be elevated to a greater extent than ALT?
hepatitis A and B cause equal elevation of AST and ALT.
Yellow fever causes a greater elevation of AST than ALT (just like alcohol)
What are the typical characteristics of RNA viruses? of DNA viruses?
RNA - single stranded, linear, RNA viruses
DNA - double stranded, circular DNA viruses
Infection by what pathogen is characterized by bloody, mucoid diarrhea and liver abscesses? What changes in liver enzymes are associated with this organism? What antibiotic is used to treat this organism?
entamoeba histolytica. Causes an infiltrative pattern of liver disease: elevated alkaline phosphatase but normal bilirubin, AST and ALT. Treat with metronidazole
Cysts of what organism form in the liver and requires injections of alcohol and surgical excision? What would happen if these cysts burst?
Echinococcus causes hyatid cysts in the liver which would cause anaphylaxis if they burst
What organisms are treated with metronidazole?
GET GAP
Giardia, entamoeba, trichomonas, Gardernella vaginalis, anaerobes (c. difficile, bacteroides), H. pylori
Why are hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses non-enveloped RNA viruses?
HepA and hepE are transmitted through the fecal-oral route (the vowels hit your bowels), thus they must be able to avoid destruction in the gut. Non-enveloped viruses are not destroyed by acid, but enveloped viruses are
How should you treat gastroenteritis caused by nontyphoidal salmonella?
Supportive care with rehydration therapy but not antibiotics because antibiotics have been shown to prolong symptoms and increase rates of relapse. Only treat with antibiotics if there is bacteremia or a focal infection
