Pharmacology of LUT and STIs - Kinder

Question 1

DOC for enterococci

Answer 1

ampicillin

Question 2

DOC for uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 2

TMP/SMX

if E. coli resistant area:
nitrofurantoin
fosomycin

Question 3

ceftriazone

Answer 3

3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 4

MOA TMP/SMX

Answer 4

bacteriostatic

cimpetitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase

inhibit dihydrofolate reductase

inhibit steps in folic acid pathway
-prevent bacterial use of PABA

Question 5

potentiate effect of warfarin

Answer 5

TMP/SMX

Question 6

nitrofurantoin MOA

Answer 6

form highly reactive imtermediates that damage DNA

Question 7

MOA fosfomycin

Answer 7

bactericidal

inhibit cell wall synthesis

reduced formation of N-acetylmuramic acid

Question 8

MOA fluoroquinolones

Answer 8

target bacterial DNA gyrase

concentration dependent killing

Question 9

azithromycin MOA

Answer 9

bacteriostatic

-reversible binding to 50S subunit

Question 10

metrondiazole MOA

Answer 10

prodrug

-single electron transfer in anaerobic bacteria firms highly reactive nitro radical anion - kill orgamism DNA

Question 11

uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 11

individuals lacing structural or functional abnormalities of urinary tract

pre-menopausal females of child bearing age otherwise healthy

Question 12

male UTI

Answer 12

not considered uncomplicated

Question 13

recurrent UTI

Answer 13

2 or more UTI 6 months

3 or more UTI 1 year

Question 14

cause of uncomplicated infection

Answer 14

E. Coli - 1

staph sapro - 2

Question 15

cause of complicated infection

Answer 15

E. coli

enterococci

Question 16

FQ

Answer 16

risk of resistance

-so use TMP/SMX

Question 17

DOC for acute pyelonephritis

Answer 17

FQ - 1st line
TMP/SMX
or IV ceftriaxone

Question 18

warfarin enantionmers

Answer 18

R - CYP3A4 metabolism
S - CYP2C9 metabolism

CYP2C9 - inhibited by bactrim

Question 19

tx failure FQs

Answer 19

if take with calcium carbonate - impair absorption of FQ

Question 20

tx neisseria gonorrhea

Answer 20

ceftriaxone IM

PCN allergy - azithromycin

Question 21

tx chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 21

azithromycin

macrolide - binds 50S subunit

doxycycline
-pregnant - azithromycin and amoxicillin DOC

Question 22

aminoglycosides and tetracyclines

Answer 22

bind 30S subunits

Question 23

adverse azithromycin

Answer 23

nausea - 18%

low chance - arrhythmia, hepatotoxicity, QT prolonged, skin rash

Question 24

tx syphilis

Answer 24

PCN G - 26 day effect
-treponema pallidum multiplies slowly

PCN allergy - doxycycline

if pregnant w/ allergy - PCN desensitization