3.4 described information processing bias and combat strategies

Question 0

List the common vices that can adversely affect clinical judgement

Answer 0

Representative heuristic
availability heuristic
Fundamental attribution error
Confirmation bias
Covariation misestimation
Preconceived ideas
Lack of awareness of one's own judge mental processes and factors that influence judgement
Over confidence in diagnosis
Race, social class and gender bias
Hindsight bias

Question 1

What are a heuristics

Answer 1

Effective economical and resource for shortcuts to clinical decisions and problem solving

Can also lead to cognitive bias and therefore limited perceptions and diagnostic accuracy and put clinicians at risk of overconfidence

Question 2

Described representativeness heuristic

Answer 2

Causal judgement Heuristic which an antecedent condition in the client’s life resembles the problem they present with and thus is giving causal importance

Question 3

Define availability heuristic

Answer 3

Making a decision based on information that’s available

Question 4

Define fundamental attribution error

Answer 4

Attribution of trouble behaviour to a troubling environment rather than a dis position in themselves

Question 5

Confirmation bias

Answer 5

Looking for information that confirms a hypothesis and subsequently failing to attend to other relevant information

Question 6

Covariation misestimation

Answer 6

An incorrect assessment of Coke variation for example considering the symptoms that are present but not those that are absent

Question 7

What are some possible debiasing techniques

Answer 7

Actively considering alternative outcomes
Increasing attention to Data that is usually ignored
Decreasing reliance on memory
Assess and reflect on your own mindsets
Use a variety of assessment methods
Adhere strictly to diagnostic criteria