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Ortho Dx > Cervical - Lecture > Flashcards

Cervical - Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

How many joints in the cervical spine?

A

37

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2
Q

What angle do the cervical facets lie?

A

45 degrees

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3
Q

Hyoid is opposite what vbody?

A

C3

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4
Q

What level does the Thyroid cartilage lie?

A

C4/C5

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5
Q

What boney structure lies at C6?

A

1st Cricoid Ring

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6
Q

What bony pathology can impair a person’s ability to swallow?

A

Osteophytes

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7
Q

T or F

The Z joints are typical synovial joints with hyaline cartilage

A

True

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8
Q

The uncovertebral joints extend from where to where?

A

C3-T1

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9
Q

T or F

Uncovertebral joints are diarthrodial articulations

A

True

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10
Q

What did Clausen et al. research on the cervical spine joints and their associated motions find the main function of the uncinate processes to be?

A

Effective at reducing motion coupling and primary cervical motion

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11
Q

Where is the most common area for pathology in C-Spine

A

C5/C6

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12
Q

Functionally the cervicothoracic junction includes what structures?

A

C7 vertbera
T1 & T2
Ribs 1 and 2
Manubrium

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13
Q

T or F

The Cervicothoracic junction forms the Thoracic Outlet

A

True

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14
Q

Is the PLL or ALL more susceptible to injury and pain

A

PLL

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15
Q

T or F

Proprioception of the Trapezius comes fro C2-C3

A

False

C3-C4

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16
Q

T or F

The Anterior Scalene insertion is the second rib

A

False

1st

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17
Q

What scalene attaches to the 2nd rib

A

Posterior

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18
Q

T or F

Posterior Scalene innervation is from C3-C8

A

False

C6-C8

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19
Q

T or F

The superior portion of trapezius is often stretched in hyper-extension injury of the cervical spine

A

False

Hyper-flexion

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20
Q

What ligament is involved in hyperextension of the neck during an CAD injury

A

ALL

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21
Q

What is the largest muscle in the anterior neck. What are its proximal and distal attachments

A

SCM
Mastoid
Posterior aspect of the medial 1/3 of clavicle and the manubrium

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22
Q

T or F

Proprioception of the SCM is provided by C2 C3 dorsal primary rami

A

False

VPR

23
Q

Wry Neck aka ?

A

Torticollis

24
Q

T or F

Torticollis is often associated with injury to the Scalenes on one side at the time of birth during a difficult delivery

A

False

SCM not scalenes

25
Q

Describe the head position in Torticollis

A

SCM muscle contraction causes rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck to the same side.

26
Q

What is the function of the Levator Scapulae with the scapula stabilized?

A

Produces rotation and side bending of the neck to the same side; while acting bilaterally cervical extension is produced

27
Q

Where is the origin of the Levator Scapulae?

A

TP’s of C1-C4

28
Q

The Rhomboid minor arises from where?

A

The spinous processes of C7 & T1

29
Q

The Rhomboid Major arises from where?

A

SP’s of T1-T5

30
Q

T or F

Clay Shoveler’s Fracture is a type of hyperextension avulsion injury

A

False

Hyperflexion

31
Q

Symptoms of TOS include:

A

Tingling or numbness in the fingers, hands, arm, shoulder or neck
Weakness of the hand or arm
Aching in the shoulder or neck
Worsened when the arm is lifted above shoulder height

32
Q

T or F

In the cervical spine the disc is named for the vertebra below

A

False

Above

33
Q

The 1st cervical disc is between ___ and ___ and is named ____ disc

A

C2, C3

C2

34
Q

Where does the first nerve root exit in the cervical spine

A

Between Co and C1

35
Q

The last nerve root exits between __ and __ and is named ___ nerve root

A

C7, T1

C8

36
Q

The biceps reflex primarily indicates neurological integrity of what nerve root?

A

C5

**it also has a slight C6 component

37
Q

What dermatome supplies sensation to the lateral arm?

A

C5

38
Q

When assessing sensations do you start on the side that is affected or the opposite?

A

Opposite

39
Q

C6 muscle testing is assessing what muscles? What nerve

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis longus & Brevis
Extensor Ulnaris
Radial Nerve

40
Q

What is the reflex for C6 nerve root?

A

Brachioradialis

41
Q

Flexor Carpi radialis is innervated by what nerve?

A

Median

42
Q

What motions are you testing with the C& muscle testing

A

Elbow Extension
Wrist Flexion
Finger Extension

43
Q

The Triceps reflex is done with what nerve root?

A

C7

44
Q

The muscles tested during finger flexion and the C8 nerve root are?

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Lumbricals

45
Q

C8 dermatome supplies where?

A

The 4th and 5th digit, the ulnar side of the hand and the distal portion of the ulna.

46
Q

T or F

Segmental side bending is extension of the ipsilateral joint and flexion of the contralateral joint

A

True

47
Q

How does the inferior articular process glide on the superior during extension

A

Inferior, medial and posterior

48
Q

Jefferson Fracture aka?

A

Burst

49
Q

How does a Jefferson Fracture occur?

A

With axial load or vertebral compression

50
Q

What is a classical MOI for Hangman’s Fracture

A

Blow on the forehead forcing the neck into extension

51
Q

50% of flexion and extension occur between what cervical segments?

A

C0 & C1

52
Q

Where does most of the rotation occur in the Cspine

A

C1 & C2

53
Q

What is Klippel-Feil Deformity?

A

The bodies of 2 or more vertebrae are fused together

Ortho Dx (17 decks)

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