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Ortho Dx > The Hip - Lecture > Flashcards

The Hip - Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

The hip is classified as what type of joint?

A

Ball and Socket

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2
Q

Name the three bones that make up the os coxa

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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3
Q

Which hip bone contributes to the acetabulum and the ramus?

A

The ischium

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4
Q

T or F

The ilium + ramus = ischial tuberosity

A

False
haha so freaking false.

ischium + ramus = ischial tuberosity

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5
Q

What bone forms the anterior 1/5th of the acetabulum?

A

Pubis

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6
Q

The angle of the femoral shaft and head of the femur is approx what angle in adulthood?

A

120 degrees

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7
Q

How is the acetabulum angled in space?

A

Laterally, inferiorly, and anteriorly

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8
Q

Name the three joints that make up the pelvic girdle

A

Acetabularfemoral
Sacroiliac
Pubis symphysis

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9
Q

What structure marks the widest point on the iliac crests?

A

Iliac Tubercle

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10
Q

What is another name for a hip pointer?

A

Iliac Crest Contusion

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11
Q

Contusion to the site or an avulsion of what muscles are involved usually with an iliac crest contusion?

A

Quadratus lumborum and or the abdominal muscles

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12
Q

T or F

The greater trochanters should be a little higher than the pubic tubercles

A

False

Should be level

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13
Q

What is a bucket handle fracture

A

When the superior and inferior pubic rami fractures with a separation or fracture of the contra-lateral SI joint

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14
Q

Sprung pelvis =?

A

Separation of the pubic symphysis and both SI joints

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15
Q

Straddle fracture =?

A

Bilateral superior pubic rami and ischiopubic fracture. usually resulting from a vertical compression trauma

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16
Q

Where are the most common areas of the pelvis for avulsion fractures?

A

ASIS
AIIS
Ischial Tuberosity

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17
Q

What muscle groups attach at the Symphysis?

A

Adductors

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18
Q

T or F

The Sartorius attaches to the Anterior inferior iliac spine

A

False

The anterior superior iliac spine
The Rectus femoris attaches to the AIIS

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19
Q

What muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter?

A

Iliopsoas

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20
Q

What ligament attaches at the fovea capitis

A

Ligamentum Teres

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21
Q

What is the inclination angle and what should it measure?

A

The angle between the femoral shaft and the neck

125-130 degrees but can vary with body types

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22
Q

What is the angle that the femoral neck makes with the acetabulum called?

A

Angle of anteversion

Normal = 8-15 degrees

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23
Q

What is an aka for femoral ante version?

A

Medial Femoral Torsion

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24
Q

T or F

Femoral ante version gives a toe out gait

A

False

Toe-in

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25
Q

How great does the angle between the femoral neck and the transcondylar axis have to be to be considered Femoral Anteversion

A

Greater than 15 degrees

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26
Q

With Femoral retroversion the angle between the femoral neck and the transcondylar axis is less than ____

A

8 degrees

27
Q

Decreased femoral head torsion may result in what conditions?

A

Low back or sacroiliac pathologies
Internal rotation of the tibia
Supination of the feet

28
Q

AVN of the femoral capital epiphysis before close of the growth plate is known as?

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

29
Q

T or F

Legg-Calve-Perthese Disease is more common in males 5:1

A

True

30
Q

Pegg-Calve Perthese Disease would elicit a positive in what ortho test?

A

Trendelenberg Test

31
Q

What are the main causes of the Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

A

Trauma
Hereditary
Nutritional
Circulatory

32
Q

List the 4 stages of the Legg Calve Perthes Disease

A

Avascularization
Revascularization
Repair
Deformity

33
Q

Name the 3 extra-articular ligaments that help provide stability at the hip joint

A

Iliofemoral ligament of Bertin/Bigelow
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

34
Q

T or F

The ischiofemoral ligament is the strongest ligament in the body

A

False

Iliofemoral

35
Q

What muscle does the iliofemoral ligament blend with?

A

Iliopsoas

36
Q

T or F

The iliofemoral ligament is oriented superior-laterally

A

True

37
Q

The pubofemoral ligament blends with what other structures?

A

Inferior band of the iliofemoral and pectineus muscle

38
Q

Name the most commonly injured ligament in the hip

A

Ischiofemoral ligament

39
Q

T or F

The medial band of the iliofemoral ligament limits external rotation & the medial band limits adduction

A

False

Opposite

40
Q

What ligament limits abduction?

A

Pubofemoral

41
Q

What ligament limits internal rotation of the hip

A

Ischiofemoral

42
Q

Name the most powerful of hip flexors

A

Iliopsoas

43
Q

Name a muscle that adducts, flexes and internally rotates the hip

A

Pectineus

44
Q

What test could you do to test the TFL

A

Ober

45
Q

What motions does the TFL help perform

A

Flexing, abducting and internally rotation the hip

46
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body?

A

Sartorius

47
Q

What are the actions of Sartorius?

A

Flexion, abduction and external hip rotation with some degree of knee flexion

48
Q

What is the major internal rotator of the hip

A

Gluteus minimus

49
Q

Weakness of this muscle can result in a “lurch”

A

Gluteus Medius

50
Q

What muscle is an external rotator of the hip at less than 60 degrees of hip flexion?

A

Piriformis

51
Q

What happens to the muscle action of Piriformis at 90 degrees of hip flexion?

A

The Piriformis reverses its muscle action becoming an internal rotator and abductor of the hip

52
Q

What muscles extend the hip, flex the knee and internally rotate the tibia?

A

Semimembranosus + semitendinosus

53
Q

T or F

The semimembranosus attaches more distally than the tedndinosus

A

False

54
Q

Name the hip adductors

A

Adductor magnus
Adductor longus & brevis
Gracilis

55
Q

The femoral triangle is defined superiorly by?

A

Inguinal ligament

56
Q

T or F

The femoral triangle is defined medially by the sartorius

A

False

Adductor longus

Sartorius = lateral

57
Q

T or F

The Femoral nerve lies lateral to the femoral artery

A

True

58
Q

Name the neurovascular structures that pass through the femoral triangle from medial to lateral

A

Femoral vein, artery and nerve

59
Q

Name the nerves that provide cutaneous innervation of the gluteal region

A

Subcostal nerves
Iliohypogastric nerve
DR L1 L2 L3
DPR - cluneal nerves of S1 S2 S3

60
Q

T or F

The area superior to the inguinal ligament on the anterior region of the hip is supplied by the subcostal nerve, the femoral branch of the genitofemoral and the iliolingual nerve

A

False

This is the inferior area of the inguinal ligament

61
Q

Is it more common for the common perennial nerve to pass superior or through the piriformis muscle

A

Through @ 11%

Superior to the muscle .9%

62
Q

T or F

The medial femoral circumflex artery MFCA supplies the anterior portion of the capsule of the hip joint

A

False

The MFCA perforates and supplies the posterior hip joint capsule and synovium

63
Q

What is the name of the terminal branch of the MFCA that supplies most of the femoral head

A

Lateral epiphyseal artery

64
Q

PRICE stands for

A 
Protection
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

Ortho Dx (17 decks)

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