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CV exam 1 wk 1 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis:

A

Maintaining a stable internal environment within a narrow physiological range amid changing external conditions

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2
Q

Inputs to preganglionic neurons:

A
  1. Nucleus of the solitary tract (in medulla): conveys visceral sensory input
  2. Other brainstem nuclei: convey environmental stimuli
  3. Hypothalamus (in forebrain): conveys internal goals/states
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3
Q

The ANS consists of 3 subdivisions

A
  1. sympathetic (flight or fight)
  2. parasymp (rest/digest)
  3. enteric (semi autonomous control of digestion)
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4
Q

Preganglionic: neurotransmitter:

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

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5
Q

Postganglionic:
Sympathetic: neurotransmitter

A

Norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine

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6
Q

Postganglionic Parasympathetic: neurotransmitter

A

ACh

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7
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptors:

ACh:

A

nicotinic vs. muscarinic

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8
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptors:

NE:

A

α- and β-adrenergic

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9
Q

Adrenal medulla – functionally, a sympathetic ganglion

A
  1. Innervated by preganglionic sympathetic neurons
  2. Releases norepinephrine and epinephrine into bloodstream
  3. Widespread sympathomimetic effects (e.g., increased heart rate)
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10
Q

Cardiovascular regulation by the nervous system

A
  1. Sympathetic and parasympathetic control of heart rate and force of contraction
  2. Baroreceptor reflex
  3. Humoral response to low blood pressure
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11
Q

ANS regulation of heart rate and force of contraction

A
  1. sympathetic stimulation

2. parasympathetic stimulation

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12
Q

ANS sympathetic stim

A

(via increased NE) –

  1. increases blood pressure
  2. Increase in heart rate and contractile force
  3. Constriction of blood vessels
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13
Q

ANS parasympathetic stimulation

A

(via increased ACh) –

  1. decreases blood pressure
  2. Decrease in heart rate and
  3. decreases contractile force
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14
Q

Physiological significance of receptor subtypes

A
  1. Sympathomimetic drugs

2. Parasympathomimetic drugs

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15
Q

Sympathomimetic drugs function to

A

mimic sympathetic activation

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16
Q

Sympathomimetic drugs examples

A

Atropine

17
Q

Atropine is a _____

A

muscarinic (M2) antagonist in heart

18
Q

atropine does what?

A

increase HR

19
Q

Parasympathomimetic drugs function to:

A

mimic parasympathetic activation

20
Q

propranolol results in?

A

decreases heart rate

CV exam 1 wk 1 (48 decks)

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