36. Genetic code - definition and characteristics. Flashcards

1
Q

Genetic code is the collection of codons that specify all the amino acids found in proteins. A codon is a sequence of 3 bases (triplet code) in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

A

Genetic code is the collection of codons that specify all the amino acids found in proteins. A codon is a sequence of 3 bases (triplet code) in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

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2
Q

The successive codons determine the sequence in which amino acids add to the growing polypeptide chain.

A

The successive codons determine the sequence in which amino acids add to the growing polypeptide chain.

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3
Q

There are 4 bases .’. 4^3 = 64 codons which code for 20 different amino acids. (include 3 stop codons)

A

There are 4 bases .’. 4^3 = 64 codons which code for 20 different amino acids. (include 3 stop codons)

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4
Q

It’s degenerate - a single amino acid may be coded for by more than one codon Non-overlapping - a single nucleotide cannot be part of 2 adjacent codons
Start codon: AUG and Stop codon: UAG, UAA or UGA in RNA and TAG, TAA or TGA in DNA

Nearly universal - the same codon specifies the same amino acid in almost all species

A

It’s degenerate - a single amino acid may be coded for by more than one codon Non-overlapping - a single nucleotide cannot be part of 2 adjacent codons
Start codon: AUG and Stop codon: UAG, UAA or UGA in RNA and TAG, TAA or TGA in DNA

Nearly universal - the same codon specifies the same amino acid in almost all species

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