MSK Session 1- Bones And Joints Flashcards

0
Q

What is the axial skeleton and how many bones does it contain?

A

The skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs.

80 bones

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1
Q

How many bones are in the skeleton?

A

206

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2
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton and how many bones does it have?

A

Upper and lower limbs

126 bones

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3
Q

What are the 5 functions of bone?

A
  • provide support and protection
  • movement
  • storage of minerals in bone matrix
  • red bone marrow-haemopoeisis
  • yellow bone marrow- lipid storage
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4
Q

What is bone surrounded by?

A

Periosteum

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5
Q

What are joints?

A

Articulations between two or more bones

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6
Q

What are fibrous joints and where are they found? (3)

A

They are fixed joints.

Found in the foetal skull, between the radius and ulna, between teeth.

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7
Q

What are cartilaginous joints and where are they found?

A

They are sites of Union and are of two types:

  • primary- temporary unions- epiphyseal growth plates
  • secondary- pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
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8
Q

What are the functional classifications of synovial joints? (3)

A
  • synarthrosis- no movement
  • amphiarthrosis- slight movement
  • diarthrosis- free movement
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9
Q

What are the 6 types of synovial joint?

A
  • hinge
  • pivot
  • plane
  • saddle
  • ball and socket
  • condyloid
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10
Q

What is the movement of a plane joint and give an example of a location.

A

Permits sliding

The acromioclavicular joint between the clavicle and acromion.

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11
Q

What does a hinge joint permit and where is it found?

A

Permits flexion and extension

Elbow joint.

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12
Q

What does a pivot joint allow and where is it found?

A

It allows rotation.

Found at proximal radio ulnar joint

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13
Q

What does a condyloid joint permit and where is it found?

A

Permits flexion, extension, Adduction, abduction and circumflexion.
Metacarpophalangeal joint.

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14
Q

What does a saddle joint permit and where is it found?

A

Side to side and slight front to back action.

Carpo-metacarpal joint

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15
Q

What does the ball and socket joint permit and where is it found?

A

Multi-axial movement

Hip and shoulder joints

16
Q

Describe the shape of the clavicle

A

It is convex at the medial half and concave at the lateral half.
The sternal end is larger.
It is an S shape.

17
Q

Which ribs does the scapula overly?

A

2-7

18
Q

Where is the subscapula fossa located?

A

On the anterior side of the scapula.

19
Q

Which muscle is responsible for rotation of the scapula?

A

Serratus anterior

20
Q

What does the capitulum articulate with?

A

The radius

21
Q

What does the trochlea articulate with?

A

The ulna

22
Q

Which of the radius and ulna is the only one to articulate with the carpus?

A

Radius

23
Q

Which of the two forearm bones is longer?

A

Ulna

24
Q

Which nerve and artery lie in the radial groove on the posterior aspect of the arm?

A

The radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery

25
Q

Name the 8 carpal bones

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform