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USMLE > Antidotes > Flashcards

Antidotes Flashcards

1
Q

drugs that can be used to reverse neuromuscular blockade

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

- Neostigmine

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2
Q

Drugs that can reverse Digoxin/ cardiac glycosides intoxication?

A

Digoxin immune FAB

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3
Q 
Opioid overdose
(Morphine, heroine, methadone)
A

Naloxone, Naltrexon

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4
Q

Benzodiazepine overdose?

A

Flumazenil – fyi: can precipitate seizures

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5
Q

Phencyclidine (PCP) overdose

A

Benzodiazepines, rapid-acting antipsychotic (Haloperidol)

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6
Q

TCA overdose

A

NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarb) because TCA are weak acid

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7
Q

Iron

A

deferoxamine

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8
Q

Lead

A

EDTA, succimer, or dimercaprol

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9
Q

Cyanide

A

nitrites, hydroxocobalamin, thiosulfate

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10
Q

methhemoglobin

A

Methylene blue, Vitamin C

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11
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

100% O2 and hyperbaric Acid

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12
Q

methanol or ethylene glycol

A

Fomepizole – inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase
Ethanol
Hemodialysis

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13
Q

Benzodiazepine overdose

A

Flumazenil

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14
Q

Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

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15
Q

Warfin

A

Vit K, Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

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16
Q

Thromboyltics overdose

A

Aminocaproic acid

17
Q

Myelosuppression caused by Methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

18
Q

5- Fluorouracil toxicity

A

Uridine

19
Q

hemorrhagic cystitis due to Cyclophosphamide

A

give mesna

20
Q

used to prevent cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin and daunorubicin

A

Dexrazoxane

21
Q

nephrotoxicity of Cisplatin, Carboplatin, or oxaliplatin

A

amifostine (free radical scavanger)

22
Q

Acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenish glutathione)

23
Q

AChE inhibitors, organophosphates

A

Atropine > pralidoxime

24
Q

Amphetamines

A

NH4Cl (acidify urine) basic

25
Q

Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

A

Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

26
Q

Beta blockers

A

Glucagon

27
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

100% oxygen

28
Q

Copper, arsenic, gold

A

Penicillamine

29
Q

Cyanide

A

Nitrate + Thiosulfate

hydroxocobalamin

30
Q

Digitalis (digoxin)

A

Anti-dig Fab fragments

31
Q

Mercury, arsenic, gold

A

Dimercaprol (BAL)

Succimer

32
Q

Salicylates

A

NaHCO3- (alkalizes urine)

Dialysis

33
Q

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase

A

Aminocaproic acid

34
Q

Methamphetamine overdose

A

ammonium chloride – helps clear the drug

USMLE (43 decks)

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