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Board Review - B - Biochemistry > Nutrition I > Flashcards

Nutrition I Flashcards

1
Q

fat soluble vits

A

A, D, E, K

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2
Q

vit B1

A

thiamine

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3
Q

vit B2

A

riboflavin - FAD, FMN

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4
Q

vit V3

A

niacin - NAD+

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5
Q

vit B5

A

pantothenic acid - CoA

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6
Q

vit B6

A

pyridoxine - PLP

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7
Q

vit B7

A

biotin

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8
Q

vit B9

A

folate

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9
Q

vit B12

A

cobalamin

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10
Q

vit C

A

ascorbic acid

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11
Q

vitamin storage

A

all wash out easily from body - water soluble

except B12 and folate - stored in liver

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12
Q

vitamin A

A

retinol
-antioxidant

essential for normal differentiation epithelial tissue into specialized tissues

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13
Q

prevent squamous metaplasia

A

vit A

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14
Q

vit A source

A

liver and leafy veggies

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15
Q

vit A deficiency

A

night blindness - nyctalopia

dry scaly skin - xerosis cutis

corneal degeneration - keratomalacia

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16
Q

vit A excess

A

acute - nausea, vomit, vertico, glurry vision

chronic - alopecia, dry skin, hepatotoxic, teratogenic

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17
Q

isotretinoin

A

vit A derivative
-acutane

need negative pregnancy test before use for acne - because teratogenic

18
Q

vitamin B1

A

in TPP - cofactor for several DH rxns

pyruvate DH - glycolysis to TCA
a-KG DH - TCA cycle
transketaolase - HMP shunt
branched chain ketoacid DH

19
Q

beriberi

A

vit B1 deficiency

20
Q

wernicke korsakoff syndrome

A

vit B1 thiamine deficiency

confusion
ophthalmoplegia
ataxia

also - memory loss - damage medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus and mamillary bodies

21
Q

dry beri beri

A

vit B1 thiamine deficiency

-polyneuritis - symmetric muscle wasting

22
Q

wet beri beri

A

vit B1 thiamine deficiency

  • high output cardiac failure
  • dilated cardiomyopathy
  • edema
23
Q

diagnosis thiamine deficiency

A

vit B1

measure RBC transketolase activity after B1 admin

24
Q

vit B1 deficiency

A

impaired glucose breakdown - loss of ATP

bad for brain and heart

25
Q

vitamin B2

A

riboflavin

cofactor for redox rxns

succinate DH in TCA cycle

FAD and FMN

26
Q

vit B2 deficiency

A

cheilosis - inflammation of lips, scaling and fissures corners of mouth

corneal vascularization

27
Q

vit B3

A

niacin

constituent of NAD+ and NADP+

28
Q

tx dyslipidemia - raise HDL, lower VLDL

A

niacin - bit V3

29
Q

vitamin B3 deficiency

A

glossitis

pellagra

30
Q

pellagra

A

vit B3 niacin deficiency

3 D’s:
diarrhea
dementia
dermatitis

dermatitis - C3/4 dermatome broad collar rash and hyperpigmented sun exposed skin

31
Q

excess vit B3

A

facial flushing

due to prostaglandin

avoid - take aspirin with niacin

32
Q

vit B5

A

pantothenic acid

component of CoA

deficiency - dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency

33
Q

vit B6

A

pyridoxine

converted to PLP cofactor lots of rxns

synthesis of cystathione, heme, niacin, histamine, serotonin, E, NE, dopamine, GABA

34
Q

deficiency vit B6

A

pyridoxine

convulsion
hyperirritable
peripheral neuropathy
sideroblastic anemia

35
Q

vit B7

A

biotin
-cofactor carboxylation enzymes

deficiency - eat too many egg whites

36
Q

eat too many egg whites

A

vit B7 deficiency - biotin

dermatitis, alopecia, enteritis

37
Q

vitamin B9

A

folate

converted to THF

important synthesis of nitrogenous bases of DNA and RNA

38
Q

vit B9 deficiency

A

folate

macrocytic megaloblastic anemia

hypersegmented PMNs
glossitis

lab - elevated homocysteine
normal methylmalonic acid

MC vit deficiency in US - alcoholic and pregnant

39
Q

supplement folate

A

vit B9
pregnant women

prevent neural tube defects

40
Q

folate vs. B12 deficiency

A

folate - no neuro sx
B12 - neuro sx

both have megaloblastic anemia

Board Review - B - Biochemistry (13 decks)

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