6.1 Visual Coding Flashcards
Pupil
An opening in the center of the iris where light enters
Retina
The rear surface of the eye, which is lined with visual receptors
Law of specific nerve energies
Statement that whatever excites (vekker) a particular nerve always sends the same kind of information to the brain.
Fovea
A tiny area of the retina specialized for acute, detailed vision
Optic nerve
Ganglion cell axons that exit through the back of the eye and continue to the brain
Rods
Type of retinal receptor that detects bightness of light
Ganglion cells
Type of neuron in the retina that receives input from the bipolar cells
Bipolar cell
Type of neuron in the retina that receives input directly from the receptors
Trichromatic theory (Young-Helmholtz theory)
Theory that color is perceived through the relative retes of response by three kinds of cones, each one maximally sensitive to a different set of wavelengths
Visual field
Area of the world that an individual can see at any time
Midget ganglion cells
Ganglion cells in the fovea of humans and other primates
Photopigments
Chemicals contained in rods and cones that release energy when struck by light
Blind spot
Area at the back of the retina where the optic nerve exits; it is devoid (fravær) of reseptors
Retinex theory
Consept that the cortex compares information from various parts of the retina to determine the brightness and color for each area
Negative color afterimage
Result of starting at a colored object for a prolonged length of time and then looking at a white surface, the image is seen as a negative image, with a replacement of red with green, green with red, yellow and blue with each other, and black and white with each other
