3.9 Carboxylic Acids And Derivatives Flashcards
(34 cards)
Why is the COOH group very soluble in water but doesn’t dissolve
Very soluble due to hydrogen bondung, hydrocarbon chain is non-polar, hence doesn’t dissolve in water
Shorter chains dissolve easier than longer chains
How do you name esters and where do they form from
Uses of esters
Perfumes
Flavorings
Solvents
Plasticers
How can an ester be hydrolysed
Draw mechanism of ethyl chloride reacting with alcohol
State reagents
Name of mechanism
State conditions
Alcohol : reagent
Conditions : room temperature
Draw reaction when ethanoicanydride reacts with alcohol
State reagents
Conditions
Everything you need to know to make aspirin
Ammonium ethanoate
Mr needed from Q1.1
H2A represents carboxylic acid. Because it is a dicarboxylic acid, two sodium hydroxides needed to neutralise it, hence there are two moles of it
As the double bond is Z, it means it comes off the same side
How to detect if an ester is formed
Sweet smelling ester forms
Hazard of concentrated phosphoric acid
It is corrosive
All concentrated acids are
Uses of esters
- sweet smelling compounds
- used as plasticisers for polymers
- used as solvents for polar organic substances
Uses of glycerol
Glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) forms hydrogen bonds very easily and is readily soluble in water. It is used in cosmetics, food and in glues
What can vegetable oils and animal fats be hydrolysed to
soap, glycerol, and long chain carboyxlic
