3A Reproduction Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is the difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction?

A
  • Asexual reproduction involves mitosis to produce genetically identical copies
  • Sexual reproduction involves the combination of sperm and egg cells to create a zygote
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between a zygote and an embryo?

A

The zygote is the diploid cell formed from the fusion of a sperm and egg cell, it becomes an embryo after it begins to divide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

1 adavantage and 1 disadvantage of sexual reproduction

A

Adv - it introduces variation
Disadv- it is slower and produces limited amount of offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of asexual reproduction

A

Adv - It produces lots of offspring quickly
Disadv - It does not introduce variation and so all offspring are susceptible to the same environmental pressures as the parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 features of insect pollinated plants

A
  • Bright coloured flowers
  • Sweet nectar
  • Sticky pollen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 features of wind pollinated plants

A
  • No bright colours
  • Stigma exposed to the air
  • Light pollen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the process of fertilisation in plants

A
  • Pollen grain lands on the stigma
  • Pollen tube begins to grow from the pollen grain into the ovary
  • Pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and fertilizes the egg
  • Fruit and seeds form from the egg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can seeds grow before they can photosynthesise?

A

They use energy stores of starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give one natural example of plant cloning

A

Plant runners from strawberries and spider plants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give one artificial example of plant cloning

A

Tissue cuttings placed in a growth medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does oestrogen do?

A

Builds up uterus linning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is oestrogen secreted from?

A

The ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What hormone does oestrogen inhibit?

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

Progesterone maintains the womb lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is progesterone secreted from?

A

The ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What hormone does progesterone inhibit?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).

17
Q

Where are eggs produced?

A

In the ovaries

18
Q

How are egg cells adapted to their function?

A
  • They are very large cells
  • They contain a large cytoplasm for the lots of divisions they undergo
  • They have a haploid nucleus
19
Q

How are sperm cells adapted to their function?

A
  • Acrosome contains enzymes so the sperm can penetrate the egg
  • Haploid nucleus
  • Tail so that it can swim to the egg
  • Lots of mitochondria for energy
20
Q

What is the purpose of amniotic fluid?

A

To protect the developing fetus

21
Q

What is the purpose of the placenta

A

To allow nutrients and oxygen to pass from the mother to the fetus during development

22
Q

What role does oestrogen play during puberty

A
  • Increases breast size
  • Triggers the development of the uterus
  • It causes eggs to mature during the menstrual cycle
23
Q

What role does testosterone play during puberty?

A
  • Triggers growth and development of the penis and testes
  • Causes the voice to deepen
  • Triggers the growth of pubic hair
  • Increases muscle mass