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Italy 13 > 3b. Garibaldis Southern Takeover 1860 > Flashcards

3b. Garibaldis Southern Takeover 1860 Flashcards

1
Q

When did Garabaldi invade Sicily

A

11th May 1860

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2
Q

Where did Garabaldi land in Sicily

A

Marsala

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3
Q

Where had the bourbon army gone just as Garabaldi arrived in Marsala

A

Sailed southwards the previous night

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4
Q

Where did Garabaldi march to from Marsala

A

Palermo

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5
Q

When did Garabaldi reach Palermo for 3 days of street fighting

A

26th May 1860

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6
Q

How many Sicilian troops was Garabaldi up against

A

20,000

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7
Q

What fighting tactics did Garabaldi use in Sicily

A

Guerrilla

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8
Q

When was the armistice signed for Sicily

A

2nd June 1860

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9
Q

The thousand landed in Sicily and their ranks swelled with

A

New Sicilian recruits

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10
Q

What was Garabaldis nickname in the south given to him by the Piedmontese

A

Dictator of the south

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11
Q

Who were the thousand

A

Volunteers who rallied around Garabaldi/ mostly students from Lombardyb/ willing to spill blood in name of Italy

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12
Q

One reason Garabaldi defeated the Bourbons in Sicily was their weakness. How were they weak

A

Poorly motivated conscripts/ gov was unpopular and weak in 1860/ in financial cris/ unsettling death of Ferdinand II 1859 and Francescos succession

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13
Q

What was Cavours reaction to Garabaldi in Sicily

A

New gov in Sicily worried Cavour because of the prominence of Mazzinians such as Crispi/ knew ultimate goal was Rome/ worried he would go to Naples and didn’t want unification/ anger the French/ Garabaldi was popular

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14
Q

Who did Cavour send to Sicily to claim annexation to Piedmont, but came back empty handed after being expelled from Sicily in 1860

A

La Farina

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15
Q

Who did Garabaldi made secularly of state in Sicily

A

Francesco Crispi

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16
Q

What were some of Garabaldis reforms in Sicily

A

Abolished unpopular milling tax/ common land divided / titles such as “your excellency” (assault of feudal system)/ investment into education/ looting prohibited/ confiscating church property

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17
Q

What was bad about Garabaldis reforms in Sicily

A

Raised expectations and was slow/ pushed people into banditry

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18
Q

At first Garabaldi was on the peasants side in Sicily. What did he do to get landowner support

A

Suppressed peasant revolts

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19
Q

Why did Garabaldi want landowner support

A

Stability to launch mainland assault

20
Q

Why didn’t Garabaldi hand over Sicily to Piedmont

A

Thought he would loose power to attack Naples

21
Q

What law did Garabaldi introduce in Sicily

A

Piedmontese law

22
Q

How did the British show sympathy for the Italian cause/ Garabaldis expedition

A

Royal Navy oversaw his crossing at Messina

23
Q

What were the weaknesses of Francesco II

A

Formed a liberal ministry late 1860 and restored 1848 constitution/ failed to convince his subjects his political conversion was authentic

24
Q

What was the slogan for Garabaldi invading Naples

A

In the name of “VE and Italy”

25
Q

How many did Garabaldi invade Naples with

A

3000

26
Q

Why was Garabaldi able to walk into Naples and take it with no fight

A

Bourbon army in dissary and retreat Naples

27
Q

What was Garabaldi greeted with in Naples

A

Wildly enthusiastic crowds

28
Q

What did Cavour try and do to prevent Garabaldi from getting Naples with his navy officer

A

Charged officer of Navy to organize pro-Piedmont insurrection before Garabaldi arrived/ failed because people of Naples were not interested

29
Q

What did Cavour do promoted by Louis Napoleon in regards to Naples

A

Asked for alliance with bourbons against Garabaldi, while simultaneously trying to organize an insurrection against bourbons that would justify Piedmont intervention

30
Q

What was Cavour prepared to accept regards to Italian unification and what was he not

A

Entertain unification/ not as a democratic Italy/ wanted unite north to wealthy political entity

31
Q

What was cavours type of nationalism

A

Piedmontese nationalist/ confined to only wanting to expel Austrians from L+V/ conservative nationalism in north shown through NS/ nationalism with stability

32
Q

What shows Cavour didn’t care very much about unification from plomiberes

A

Gave away nice and savoy even though he didn’t have to

33
Q

Who said the creative mind behind the decisions at plomibers was Cavour rather than Napoleon

A

Harry Hearder

34
Q

What was Garabaldis and cavours relationship like

A

No personal chemistry/ Cavour did not like idealism/ Garabaldi didn’t like Cavours “intellectual air”

35
Q

What political policies did Garabaldi and Cavour disagree on

A

Cavour rejected the democratic element of the Risorgimento that Garabaldi supported

36
Q

When did Garabaldi and Cavour first meet

A

December 1858

37
Q

For Cavour, what did it mean to support Garabaldi and what did it mean to oppose him

A

To support- alienate France and moderate opinion in Piedmont/ To oppose- offend national society/ make his gov unpopular at home/ seen to be restraining action undertaken in the Italian interest

38
Q

Who said that Cavour was determined at all costs to prevent unification it it meant democratic forces would take power

A

Mack smith

39
Q

Why was the question of wether to intervene with Garabaldi a difficult one for Cavour

A

Elections due in May 1860 / Cavour didn’t want Garabaldi to damage his political prospects in any way

40
Q

When did Garabaldi and VE first meet

A

March 1859

41
Q

What was the relationship between Garabaldi and VE like

A

Reported to get on well/ both preferred direct action and not frustrating wheels of diplomacy

42
Q

Why was Garabaldi prepared to act in the name of the king

A

On the understanding he was doing so for the benefit of Italy

43
Q

One example of Garabaldi listening to VE

A

Had means to threaten Rome in wake of villafranca 1859/ listened to king and did not invade despite Mazzini encouraging otherwise

44
Q

When did Mazzini accept VE as leader and how was this significant for nationalist

A

March 1860/ tempered the reluctance of the mazzinians among the thousand

45
Q

What did Cavour suspect of VE in regards to Garabaldi

A

He supported his adventures

Italy 13 (10 decks)

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