4

Question 1

what happens when you apply force to a bone

Answer 1

it will stimulate remodelling to increase bone strength similar will happen with immobilization

Question 2

what organ does bone not protect

brain

heart

lungs

knees

Answer 2

knees

Question 3

what happens if the calcium level drops in the blood

the bones will remove more calcium to prepare for calcium loss

the bones begin to degrade because of parathyroid hormone to release calcium into blood to restore normal level

Answer 3

the bones begin to degrade because of parathyroid hormone to release calcium into blood to restore normal level

Question 4

where is fat storage

red bone marrow

tissue

matrix

yellow bone marrow

Answer 4

yellow bone marrow

Question 5

what does osteocalcin do to the bones

degrade the bone

remodel the bone

provide smooth movement of bone

glucose metabolism

Answer 5

remodel the bone and glucose metabolism

Question 6

3 functions of cartilage

Answer 6

flexibility, smooth for articulations, matrix for development of bone

Question 7

what is the job of osteogenic cells

bone growth

repair and maintain bone

form osteoblasts

resorb bone

Answer 7

form osteoblasts

Question 8

which cell is responsible for the remodelling of mature bone

osteoclast

osteogenic cell

osteoblast

osteocyte

Answer 8

osteoclast

Question 9

osteoblast are responsible for

bone growth

repair and maintain bone

form osteoblasts

resorb bone

Answer 9

bone growth

Question 10

what cell repairs and maintains health of mature bones?

osteoclast

osteogenic cell

osteoblast

osteocyte

Answer 10

osteocyte

Question 11

in compact bone there are elongated cylinders these would be called

matrix

lamella

haversian

osteons

Answer 11

osteons

Question 12

where are osteocytes located

in lamella

in lacunae

central canal

canaliculi

Answer 12

in lacunae

Question 13

lacunae are interconnect by small canal allowing for the passage of extracellular fluid which is called

vein

canaliculi

lacunae

volkmann’s

Answer 13

canaliculi

Question 14

what are cental canals used for

Nerve

vein

artery

all of the above

Answer 14

all of the above

Question 15

what is interstitial lamellae

covers entire structure of bone

fluid between central canal

spaces between osteons

matrix fluid

Answer 15

spaces between osteons

Question 16

what part of the spongy bone is remodelled along the lines of stress to give sufficient bone strength

yellow bone marrow

canaliculi

osteocytes

trabeculae

Answer 16

trabeculae

Question 17

which part of the bones lines canal of compact bone and trabeculae of spongy bones

periosteum

endosteum

nutrient foramen

perforating fibers

Answer 17

endosteum

Question 18

which bones is mostly made up of compact bone, 2 ends (epiphyses) formed of compact and spongy bone covered with a hyaline cartilage

short bones

flat bones

long bones

irregular bone

Answer 18

long bones

Question 19

if you see and epiphyseal line on a bone this would tell the person it is a

short bones

flat bones

long bones

irregular bone

Answer 19

long bones

Question 20

which does not fit the description of irregular bones

cartilage

spongy bone

contains marrow

thin covering of compact bone

Answer 20

cartillage

Question 21

what bone is found on the skull bones, ribs, and breastbone which has compact bone, spongy bone, and marrow between trabeculae

short bones

flat bones

long bones

irregular bone

Answer 21

flat bones

Question 22

what shape are short bones

ovalish

cubed

triangle

octagon

Answer 22

cubed

Question 23

What happens at 8 weeks of embryonic development

irregular bone growth

endochondral ossification

primary ossification

intramembranous ossification (flat bone and clavicle development)

Answer 23

intramembranous ossification

Question 24

long bones are formed at the

secondary ossification centres

primary ossification centres

epiphyseal surfaces

diaphysis

Answer 24

primary ossification centres

Question 25

at what age does the epiphyseal line form for males? 19 31 18 21

Answer 25

21

Question 26

refer to slide 28 bruh im tired

Question 27

what is it called when bone resorption outpaces bone formation so bone is porous (common in neck and spine) osteoblast osteocitos osteoporosis

Answer 27

osteoporosis

Question 28

what does the composition of cartillage not include from the Extracellular matrix cytosol intersitiual fluid fibrous materials

Answer 28

fibrous materials

Question 29

where would you find elastic fibers when talking about cartilage? nose ear lips shoulde rblades

Answer 29

ear

Question 30

cartillage is made up of ___ of water 50% 90% 80% 78%

Answer 30

80%

Question 31

which is not a characteristic of Hyaline cartilage chondrocytes forming only 1-10% of the volume found in the external ear and epiglottis found in embryonic skeleton found in , cartilages of nose, trachea, and larynx Its role is to provide support and cushioning during compressive stress

Answer 31

found in the external ear and epiglottis

Question 32

what type of cartilage is found in the external ear and epiglottis allowing for them to bend and return to original shape

Answer 32

elastic cartillage

Question 33

appears as row of chondrocytes with alternating row of thick collagen fiber found in discs of knee joints, pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs. Provides tensile strength and absorb stress. fibrocartilage elastic cartilage reticular cartilage Hyaline cartilage

Answer 33

fibrocartilage