4. Biomechanical Principles Key Terms

Question 1

What is angular displacement?

Answer 1

the change of angle between the initial and final position

Question 2

What is angular distance?

Answer 2

the angle between the initial and final position

Question 3

What is angular motion?

Answer 3

takes place when a body moves along a circular path

Question 4

What is angular speed?

Answer 4

the change in angular distance over time

Question 5

What is angular velocity?

Answer 5

the change in angular displacement over time, which indicates how quickly an object rotates

Question 6

What is balance?

Answer 6

the ability to control the state of equilibrium

Question 7

What is centre of mass?

Answer 7

the position where the weight of the object is evenly distributed

Question 8

What is displacement?

Answer 8

the difference between the initial position and final position of an object

Question 9

What is distance?

Answer 9

the length of space between two points

Question 10

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 10

the state in which a body is in motion with a constant velocity

Question 11

What is eccentric force?

Answer 11

a force that is off-centre or not directly through an object’s centre of mass

Question 12

What is force?

Answer 12

the product of mass and acceleration

Question 13

What is force summation?

Answer 13

the correct timing and sequencing of body parts to produce maximal force

Question 14

What is general motion?

Answer 14

the combination of linear and angular motion

Question 15

What is impulse?

Answer 15

the product of force and time

Question 16

What is inertia?

Answer 16

the resistance of a body to a change in its state of motion

Question 18

What is linear motion?

Answer 18

occurs either in a straight line or curved path

Question 19

What is mass?

Answer 19

the quantity of matter found within a particular body

Question 20

What is moment of inertia?

Answer 20

a measure of an object’s resistance to change in its rate of rotation

Question 21

What is momentum?

Answer 21

the product of mass and velocity; for example, a body with greater mass moving faster will have greater momentum than a lighter object moving slower

Question 22

What is motion?

Answer 22

the change in position of a body in relation to time

Question 23

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

Answer 23

states that an object will stay at rest or continue to travel in the same direction at a constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force

Question 24

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

Answer 24

states that the rate of acceleration of a body is proportional to the force applied to it and in the direction in which the force is applied

Question 25

What is Newton’s third law of motion?

Answer 25

states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 26

What is speed?

Answer 26

the rate of motion (distance/time)

Question 27

What is stability?

Answer 27

the degree to which a body resists changing its equilibrium

Question 28

What is static equilibrium?

Answer 28

the state in which a body has zero velocity and zero acceleration. A body is in equilibrium when the sum of all forces and the sum of all movements acting on the body are zero

Question 29

What is torque?

Answer 29

a force that is applied at a distance away from the centre of mass, that causes the object to rotate

Question 30

What is velocity?

Answer 30

the rate of the speed at which an object moves its position