4. defenses of honey bees Flashcards
Where should the hive be located?
- near running water
- treas around to protect them from wind
- a bit of sun, but not to much
3 main responses of the immune system
phagocytosis
protein cascades
antimicrobial peptides
2 main components of protection in insects
cuticule
haemolymph
proteins in the haemolymph aid in
coagulation and wound healing
what can you find in the haemolymph
- proteins
- phagocytic cells
- antimicrobial proteins
- enzymes
- complement protein like peptides
6 antimicrobial peptides
- 2 proline rich antimicrobial peptides
- 2 conventional defensins
- apisimin
- humenoptaecin
2 proline rich antimicrobial proteins
abaecin
apidaecin
what is pentraxin
conservative inflammation protein - part of innate humoral response and functions as an antibody
cells that bees do not have in the immune system
no Ig, lymphocytes and no lymphoid organs
characteristics of immune cells that bees mainly have
mainly free leukocytes
5 main cell categories in the immune system
- progenitor cell
- phagocyte
- hemocyte
- nutritive cell
- pigment cell
what is a cytokine like cell that bees have
IL1 - aids in phagocytosis
melanisation
melanin toxic products destroy the pathogen, meanwhile granular hematocytes also release agglutinins and opsonins
4 PRR families - pattern recognition
2 for infections and other proteins
2 ways to activate the defense in pattern recognition
signaling and phagocytosis
