4 Human Resources

Question 1

Chain of command

Answer 1

Line of authority of who gives who orders

Question 2

Span of control

Answer 2

Number of employees manager responsible for

Question 3

Delegation

Answer 3

When a manager gives employee a task

Question 4

Tall structure benefits

Answer 4

Clear lines of authority

Easy to monitor staff

Promotion

Question 5

Tall structure drawbacks

Answer 5

Slow communication

Higher costs - managers

Staff feel less involved - all decisions at top

Question 6

Flat structure benefits

Answer 6

Fast communication

Lower costs

Employees feel trusted - wide span of control

Question 7

Flat structure drawbacks

Answer 7

Less promotion opportunity

Hard to supervise staff

Managers struggle to support employees as too many

Question 8

Delegation benefits

Answer 8

Save managers time

Motivate employees - feel trusted and responsible

Question 9

Delegation drawbacks

Answer 9

Time needed to explain tasks

Some staff may feel overwhelmed

Question 10

Delayering

Answer 10

When a business removes layers from its organisational structure

Question 11

Delayering benefits

Answer 11

Fast communication

Cut costs

Improve flexibility - flat structure allow adapt easier

Question 12

Delayering drawbacks

Answer 12

Too much staff under manager

Less promotion

Harder to maintain consistency

Question 13

Centralisation

Answer 13

All decisions made at top of business

Question 14

Centralisation advantages

Answer 14

Experienced decision makers

Easier to control business

Consistent decisions

Question 15

Centralisation disadvantages

Answer 15

Slow decision making - everything pass through head office

Low staff motivation

Less local knowledge

Question 16

Decentralisation

Answer 16

Decision making is spread out at different locations

Question 17

Decentralisation advantages

Answer 17

Fast decisions at local level

Staff feel trusted

Motivated

Question 18

Decentralisation disadvantages

Answer 18

Inconsistent decisions - others may think different

Some managers may lack experience

Less control for senior managers

Question 19

Job analysis

Answer 19

Where a business looks at what a job involves - tasks responsibilities skills needed for job

Question 20

Why job analysis is usef

Answer 20

Helps the business write job description and person specification

Question 21

Job description

Answer 21

What job involves

Main duties, hours, pay

Question 22

Person specification

Answer 22

Document that lists skills, qualifications, and personal qualities a business wants in a candidate

Question 23

What is person specification used for

Answer 23

Helps business choose right person for the job

Question 24

Job advertisement

Answer 24

A notice that tells ppl abt job

Job title, pay, location

Question 25

Internal adverts advantages

Answer 25

Cheap Quicker

Question 26

Internal adverts disadvantages

Answer 26

Limited pool No new ideas

Question 27

External adverts advantages

Answer 27

Wide range of applicants New ideas

Question 28

External adverts disadvantages

Answer 28

More expensive Takes longer

Question 29

Advantages of CVs

Answer 29

Quicker for applicants to complete their application Time saved by business creating their own specific form

Question 30

Full time job benefits

Answer 30

Workers always available Committed and loyal

Question 31

Full time job drawbacks

Answer 31

Higher costs Less flexibility

Question 32

Part-time job benefits

Answer 32

Flexibility Cheaper

Question 33

Part time job drawbacks

Answer 33

Not always available May feel less committed

Question 34

Job share

Answer 34

2 employees share responsibilities and hours of one full time job

Question 35

Job share benefits

Answer 35

More ideas Flexibility

Question 36

Job share disadvantages

Answer 36

Disagreements Paying 2 workers

Question 37

Zero hours contract

Answer 37

Employee no set hours, called in to work only when needed

Question 38

Zero hours contract benefits

Answer 38

Flexible Only pay staff when there's work

Question 39

Zero hours contract drawbacks

Answer 39

Workers may be unavailable Low motivation, loyalty

Question 40

Financial methods of motivation

Answer 40

Salary Wage Commission Profit share

Question 41

Non-financial methods of motivation

Answer 41

Job enlargement Job enrichment Training Management style

Question 42

Job enlargement

Answer 42

Gives staff greater variety of tasks to perform

Question 43

Job enrichment

Answer 43

Workers given greater responsibility and wide range of complex tasks

Question 44

Training

Answer 44

Learn new techniques, employees feel valued and loyal to business

Question 45

Job rotation

Answer 45

Moving workers between different tasks or roles

Question 46

Job rotation advantages

Answer 46

Reduce boredom Boosts motivation

Question 47

Job rotation disadvantages

Answer 47

Training required Some staff may dislike change

Question 48

Autocratic

Answer 48

Employees not involved with decision making Told what to do

Question 49

Democratic

Answer 49

Involved in decision making

Question 50

Paternalistic

Answer 50

Leader makes decisions in employees best interests

Question 51

Laissez-faire

Answer 51

Staff have freedom to do whatever they want

Question 52

Fringe benefits

Answer 52

Perks given to employees Company cars, gym membership

Question 53

Induction training

Answer 53

Training given to new employee to help them settle into business

Question 54

Induction training advantages

Answer 54

Helps staff settle quickly Boost early motivation

Question 55

Induction training disadvantages

Answer 55

Time consuming Costs money

Question 56

On the job training

Answer 56

Training employees receive in the workplace

Question 57

On the job training benefits

Answer 57

Cheaper Relevant

Question 58

On the job training drawbacks

Answer 58

Disrupt other workers Trainer may not be good

Question 59

Off the job training benefits

Answer 59

New skills ideas No distractions

Question 60

Off the job training drawbacks

Answer 60

More expensive Less personal to business

Question 61

Benefits of training

Answer 61

Higher quality work Increased productivity

Question 62

Factors affecting choice of training

Answer 62

Type of job Firm's budget