4. Laminitis

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Question 2

Laminitis theories

Answer 2

• enzymatic theory
• ischaemia/reperfusion injury
• Gram— bacterium endotoxin
• TNF, IL-6
• decreases digital blood flow, lamellar perfusion
• insulin
• MMP activation
• equine metabolic syndrome
• crusty neck
• increased adipose tissue
• Cushing disease
• pituitary enlargenent
• CCSs
• supporting limb laminitis

Answer 3

• mainly front limbs are affected (more weight)
• lameness is worse on hard ground
• digital pulse occurs
• warm

Question 4

Diagnosis of laminitis

Answer 4

• radiographic examination
• LM — baseline position of the DP within the hoof capsule

Question 5

Therapy of laminitis

Answer 5

• Primary disease treated urgently
• Toxaemia– enteritis, colitis, pleuropneumonia, retained placenta, metritis–
Antiendotoxin hyperimmune serum
• Flunixin meglumine1,1 mg/kg
twice daily IV
• Phenylbutazone 4.4 mg/kg IV/POS
• Reduces foot pain
• Cryotherapy
• Cool the feet reduce lamellar tissue metabolism - ice! First 1-2 days

Question 6

Digital blood flow therapy

Answer 6

• acepromazine
• isoxsuprine hydrochloride
• Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) – free radical scavenging and antiinflammatory effectThe concentration must remain 20% - risk hemolysis

Question 7

Recommended treatment strategy

Answer 7

• Cryotherapy– all four limbs
• Aggressive treatment of primary
diesease
• Fluids and electrolyte therapy
• Antibiotics and NSAIDs
• Uterine lavage– retained
placenta
• Cushing’s disease
• Pergolide mesylate (1-2mg
/horse/day) – to reduce ACTH
production in pituitary gland

Question 8

Chronic laminitis

Question 9

Hoof care of laminitis horse

Question 10

DDFT tenotomy

Question 11

Management of laminitis