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Human Diseases > 4 Skin Disorders > Flashcards

4 Skin Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Integumentary

A

things that cover our body

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2
Q

Integument

A

the natural covering of an organism or organ

e.g. skin, husk, shell, rind

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3
Q

what does the Integumentary System include?

A

Skin (epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue)
Hair
Nails
Associated gland (sweat glands, etc.)

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4
Q

what are the Functions of the Integumentary System?

A 
Regulates temperature
Protects
Sense pain
Aid in excretion
Synthesizes Vitamin D
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5
Q

what are Urea and Uric Acid?

A

Waste products that we want to eliminate from body. They’re sometimes eliminated through skin via sweat

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6
Q

cynosis

A

A blue tint that’s seen when there’s a lack of oxygen

considered a “late” sign of a disease

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7
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discoloration of the skin, often in eyes, caused by impaired liver function or other conditions in which a person has a bile accumulation

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8
Q

erythema

A

Red
Shows an increase in blood flow and dilation of blood vessels close to the skin’s surface
INFLAMMATION

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9
Q

pallor

A

Pale Skin

Indication of decreased blood flow

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10
Q

hematoma

A

BRUISING
Indicated breakdown or blot in skin

black/bluish=more recent
yellow=as it heals

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11
Q

name some of the Diagnostic Tests and Procedures

A 
Skin Scrapings
[Skin] Cultures
DNA Testing
Antigens or Antibodies
Hypersensitivity Tests
Biopsy
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12
Q

Skin Scrapings

A

when you look at a sample of skin under a microscope

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13
Q

[Skin] Cultures

A

when you take a sample of an open wound and put it under a microscope

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14
Q

DNA Testing

A

take sample of blood/saliva and look for genetic markers

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15
Q

Antigens or Antibodies

A

used to identify the causative agents or organism with an infectious disease

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16
Q

Hypersensitivity Tests

RAST and Skin Prick

A

used to determine if someone’s allergic to something

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17
Q

Biopsy

A

Take sample of tissue and look for cancer cells

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18
Q

name the types of Skin Lesions/Skin Abnormalities

A 
Macule
Wheat/Hives
Papule
Vesicle
Pustule
Ulcer
Pruritus
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19
Q

Macule

A

a freckled, discolored spot

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20
Q

Wheat/Hives

A

Often associated with allergies and localized edema and can be itchy

can be self made→ scratch skin ad localized inflammation happens

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21
Q

Papule

A

Pimple like

A raised area

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22
Q

Vesicle

A

Blister

A fluid filled sac

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23
Q

Pustule

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A

a small, elevated lesion that’s filled with pus

Pus is usually present if there’s an infection the body’s trying to control

24
Q

Ulcer

Study These Flashcards
A

an area of skin that has been eroded into the underlying layers of tissue

25
Pruritus
It's associated with lesions | Associated with itchiness
26
name two groups of Infectious Diseases
Viral [skin infections] | fungal [skin infections]
27
what diseases does Viral Skin Infections include?
Oral Herpes/Herpes Simplex 1 (HSV-1) | Warts
28
what disease does Fungal Skin Infections include?
Tinea Candidiasis Psoriasis Pressure Ulcers
29
Oral Herpes Coldsore Fever blister
Causes cluster of pain fluid-filled vesicles usually around mouth, that may burn or tingle before appearance Incurable→ outbreaks triggered by stress, infections, sun exposure, impaired immunity 65% of population has it or has been exposed to it
30
what is the "Causative Agent" of Warts?
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
31
what's the scientific name for Warts?
Verucca Vulgaris
32
name the Types of Warts
``` Common warts Plantar warts Flat warts Fillform warts Periungual warts ```
33
Common warts
rough, grey/brown in color
34
Plantar warts
hard patches on feet
35
Flat warts
Occur on face, arms, legs | Looks like pencil erasers
36
Fillform warts
Occur on mouth, nose, beard | Looks like little threads sticking out
37
Periungual warts
Toe nail/Finger nail warts Rough bumps *can go away on own or with treatment
38
what causes Fungal skin infections?
yeast or molds
39
tinea
ringworm
40
what the types of TINEA
``` Tinea Corporis/Ringworm Tinea Pedis/Athlete's Foot Tinea Cruris/Jock Itch Tinea Capitis/Scalp Ringworm Tinea Unguium/Nail Fungus Tinea Barbae/Barber's Itch ```
41
Tinea Corporis/Ringworm
Rash that begins as a small area of red, raised spots and papules rash slowly becomes ring-shaped, with red-colored, raised border and a clearer center; border may look scaly
42
Tinea Pedis/Athlete's Foot
Scales and fissures occur on the soles of the feet/between toes This is the most common TINEA infection and a foul odor usually comes with it
43
Tinea Cruris/Jock Itch
Red, ring-like areas with vesicles more common during warmer weather because fungal infections like moisture
44
Tinea Capitis/Scalp Ringworm
Single or multiple patches of hair loss that may have a black dot pattern, inflammation, scaling, pustules, pruritis very contagious
45
Tinea Unguium/Nail Fungus
White patches on nails, eventually turning the nail brown. Nail thickens, cracks and may be destroyed *usually occurs in toenails
46
Tinea Barbae/Barber's Itch
Deep inflammatory pustules and crusting around hairs
47
Candidiasis (only part of information in included on this card
Yeast infection caused by Candida Albicans Candida species are normal flora (they're good for us) but cause infection when situations promote overgrowth (like medications, decreased immunity, etc.) Common cause of diaper rashes and vaginal yeast infection
48
Thrush
When Candidiasis occurs in mouth and it's characterized by white patches on tongue
49
Psoriasis
Chronic autoimmune disease that causes raised, red, scaly patches on skin Characterized by periods of exacerbations Many types of it by Plaque psoriasis is the most common.
50
why does Psoriasis occur
We don't know. May involve genetics, immune system, environmental triggers (stress, anxiety, medications, injury)
51
exacerbation | connected to Psoriasis
the increase in severity of a disease
52
treatment for Psoriasis
Topical medication Corticosteroids Phototherapy Immunosuppressants
53
treatment for Candidiasis
antifungal meds
54
how to prevent Candidasis
Keep skin clean/dry Use antibiotics correctly Control diabetes
55
Pressure Ulcer | Bed Sore
An area of skin that breaks down when constant pressure and/or friction is placed against it
56
some risk factors of Pressure Ulcer/Bed Sore
Impaired mobility Reduced sensory perception Incontinence (Lack of control over urination)
57
how to prevent Pressure Ulcer/Bed Sore
Turn and reposition every 2 hours Specialty devices that decrease pressure Good nutrition Elimination of moisture

Human Diseases (13 decks)

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