1 Intro to Disease

Question 1

Disease

Answer 1

a structural or functional change in the body that’s harmful to the organism

Question 2

What are diseases classified by?

Answer 2

Type

Location/System

Question 3

Congenital disease

Answer 3

condition in which you are born with

Question 4

Hereditary disease

Answer 4

condition which has genetic contributors

Question 5

Degenerative disease

Answer 5

Gets worse overtime

Usually from wear-and-tear

Question 6

Neoplastic disease

Answer 6

usually refers to cancer

Question 7

Integumentary disease

Answer 7

usually refers to skin disorders

Question 8

What are the “Manifestations of Disease”?

Answer 8

Type of Manifestation
Nature of Data
Name of Collection of Results

Question 9

What does “Type of Manifestation” include?

Answer 9

Symptoms
Signs
Laboratory abnormalties

Question 10

What is “Nature of Data”?

Answer 10

Patient’s perception
Examiner’s observations
Results of tests or procedures

Question 11

What are the “Collection of Results”?

Name of Collection of Results

Answer 11

History/Questionnaire
Physical Exam
Lab findings

Question 12

What’s included in a Physical Exam?

Answer 12

Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion
Vital Signs

Question 13

Inspection

Answer 13

Visualization of patient
How does the patient look?

e.g. skin discoloration, paleness, abnormal bulging

Question 14

Palpation

Answer 14

when we feel for things

e.g. mass in abdomen

Question 15

Auscultation

Answer 15

refers to listening

e.g. stethoscope to heart

Question 16

Percussion

Answer 16

“tapping”

e.g. feel/poke around lungs and hear difference between hollow area and solid area

Question 17

Vital Signs

Answer 17

Heart rate
Blood Pressure
Temp. (the most accurate is rectal temp.)
Pain scale
Respiratory rate

Question 18

Types of Diagnostic Procedures

Types of Imaging Techniques

Answer 18

Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG)
Radiography/X-Ray
Computed Tomography (CT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Ultrasounds

Question 19

Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG)

Answer 19

usually used to evaluate a heart attack; electrical and muscular of heart

Question 20

Radiography/X-Ray

Answer 20

electromagnetic radiation to view internal structure; various density

Question 21

Computed Tomography (CT/CAT Scan)

Answer 21

takes images at different points then puts it together

Question 22

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Answer 22

uses magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs/tissues

Question 23

Ultrasounds

Answer 23

uses high frequency sound waves to make images

Question 24

What is the Course of a Disease?

Name the steps

Answer 24

HINT: PAC TRECS

Prognosis
Acute
Chronic
Terminal
Remission
Exacerbation
Complication
Sequela

Question 25

Prognosis

Answer 25

the predicted course/outcome of disease

Question 26

Acute

Answer 26

illnesses that usually occur suddenly with short duration e.g. Cold, flu

Question 27

Chronic

Answer 27

Onset's typically slower and lasts at least 6 months | In most cases, a life long disease

Question 28

Terminal

Answer 28

Will result in death in a short time

Question 29

Hospice Care/Comfort Care

Answer 29

won't change outcome of terminal disease, but will make person more comfortable

Question 30

Remission

Answer 30

A period in which the signs and symptoms of a disease subside Disease process may go away but not cured Risk of coming back subside-they go way/decrease

Question 31

Exacerbation

Answer 31

A period in which the disease symptoms gets worse/more frequent

Question 32

Complication

Answer 32

A negative outcome that's related to the primary disease or the treatment of disease

Question 33

Sequela

Answer 33

A disease aftermath Happens down the road e.g. Have untreated strep throat? May lead to heart problems. In other words, " A sequela to untreated strep throat is heart problems

Question 34

What are terms used to "Describe the Occurrence of Disease?

Answer 34

``` Morbidity Mortality Incidence Prevalence Epidemiology ```

Question 35

Morbidity

Answer 35

any departure from a state of well-being

Question 36

Mortality

Answer 36

an estimate of the population that dies during a specific time period

Question 37

Incidence

Answer 37

that rate at which a new disease occurs

Question 38

Prevalence

Answer 38

the % of population with disease at given time

Question 39

Epidemiology

Answer 39

the study of the occurrence, transmission, distribution and control of diseases

Question 40

Name the "Risk Factors for Disease"

Answer 40

``` Environmental Chemical Genetic Physiological Psychological ```

Question 41

Name the type of "Treatment for Diseases"

Answer 41

``` Pharmacologic Surgical Palliative Psychological/Psychiatric Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) ```

Question 42

Pharmacologic

Answer 42

medication

Question 43

Surgical

Answer 43

Removing Repairing Replacing

Question 44

Palliative

Answer 44

Any treatment/medicine that's designed to relieve pain or alleviate a problem. Treatment doesn't change the underlying cause e.g. Used with cancer patients and those in the end stages of life

Question 45

Psychological/Psychiatric

Answer 45

use to support physiological disease or can be primary treatment

Question 46

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

Answer 46

"natural" treatments e.g. acupuncture, herbal treatments, massage