4. The Hand

Question 1

Recall the key fascious landmarks in the hand

Answer 1

Medially: hypothenar fascia
Centrally: PL tendon, palmar aponeurosis
Laterally: Thenar fascia

Question 2

Which tendons run through each digit, and by what are they secured to the bone?

Answer 2

FDS and FDP tendons

Skin (Grayson) ligament

Question 3

What vessels run within each digit?

Answer 3

Proper palmar artery and vein

Question 4

Recall the 2 main spaces of the hand

Answer 4

Thenar and mid-palmar

Question 5

Name the 4 compartments of the hand

Answer 5

Hypothenar
Central
Thenar
Adductor

Question 6

Recall the 2 main septa of the hand, and their beginning and endpoints

Answer 6

1. Medial fibrous septum: Palmar aponeurosis to 5th metacarpal
2. Lateral fibrous septum: Palmar aponeurosis to 3rd metacarpal

Question 7

Recall the thenar muscles

Answer 7

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor polllicis brevis
Opponens policis

Question 8

Recall the hypothenar muscles

Answer 8

Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

Question 9

Recall the adductor muscle

Answer 9

Adductor pollicis

Question 10

What muscles are found between the digits, and how many are there of each of these?

Answer 10

Lumbricals (4)
Dorsal interossei (4)
Palmar interossei (3)

Question 11

Recall the function of the lumbricals and palmar and dorsal interossei

Answer 11

Lumbricals: flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints
Palmar interossei: adduction
Dorsal interossei: abduction

Question 12

Recall the proximal and distal attachments of the lumbricals

Answer 12

Proximal: long tendons
Distal: extensor expansion

Question 13

Recall the muscles involved in abduction of the thumb

Answer 13

abductor pollicis longus + brevis

Question 14

Recall the muscles involved in adduction of the thumb

Answer 14

1st DORSAL INTEROSSEOUS

adductor pollicis

Question 15

Recall the muscles involved in extension of the thumb

Answer 15

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS

Extensor pollicis longus + brevis

Question 16

Recall the muscles involved in flexion of the thumb

Answer 16

Flexor pollicis longus + brevis

Question 17

Recall the muscle involved in opposition of the thumb

Answer 17

Opponens pollicis

Question 18

Where does the ulnar artery enter the wrist?

Answer 18

Beside FCU

Question 19

What arteries does the ulnar artery give rise to in the hand?

Answer 19

Palmar digital arteries
Deep palmar branch
Princeps pollicis
Radialis indicis

Question 20

Describe the location of the radial artery at the wrist

Answer 20

Beneath brachioradialis, beside FCR

Question 21

What arteries does the radial artery give rise to in the hand?

Answer 21

Palmar metacarpals

Question 22

Recall the innervations of the medial nerve in the hand

Answer 22

MOTOR: 
Thenar muscles
1st and 2nd lumbricals 
SENSORY:
Palmar surface of thumb
IF, MF and 1/2 of RF

Question 23

Describe the location of the medial nerve at the wrist

Answer 23

Between FDS and FDP
Deep to PL
Enters via carpal tunnel

Question 24

Describe the location of the ulnar nerve at the wrist

Answer 24

By FCU, runs superior to flexor reticulum, lateral to pisiform

Question 25

Recall the innervations of the ulnar nerve in the hand

Answer 25

``` MOTOR: Hypothenar muscles Adductor pollicis 2nd and 4th lumbricals All interossei SENSORY: palmar surfaces of LF and other half of RF ```

Question 26

Recall the innervations of the radial nerve in the hand

Answer 26

NO MOTOR INNERVATION SENSORY: dorsal aspect of hand

Question 27

Name the ligaents surrounding the digital fibrous sheaths

Answer 27

Annular and cruciate

Question 28

What is contained within the common tendinous sheath in each digit?

Answer 28

FDS and FDP tendon

Question 29

Recall the paths of the FDS and FDP tendons

Answer 29

Enter carpal tunnel beneath FR Common synovial sheath Digital synovial sheath

Question 30

What fascia secures tendons on the dorsal aspect of the hand?

Answer 30

Extensor reticulum

Question 31

Recall the functions of the carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints

Answer 31

Flex and extend Radial and ulnar deviation Circumduction

Question 32

Recall the functions of the metocarpophalyngeal and interphalyngeal joints

Answer 32

Only flex and extend

Question 33

Recall the bony attachments of the carpal tunnel

Answer 33

Scaphoid Hamate Trapezium Pisiform

Question 34

Recall the contents of the carpal tunnel

Answer 34

Median nerve FPL tendon 4 tendons of FDP 4 tendons of FDS

Question 35

Recall the 3 modes of grip

Answer 35

Power, precision and hook

Question 36

Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a power grip

Answer 36

Long flexors Intrinsic muscles of hand Extensors of wrist joint

Question 37

Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a precision grip

Answer 37

Long flexors AND extensors | Intrinsic hand muscles

Question 38

Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a hook grip

Answer 38

Long flexors