4. Voice Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the primary acoustic role of phonation in the larynx?
Sound source for speech
Modal phonation is the primary sound source for
All spoken languages
Which of the following is not a linguistic use of voice?
A. Creating phonological contrasts
B. Expressing emotions
C. Marking voice onset time
D. Indicating lexical tone
B. Expressing emotions
The use of creaky voice to signal the end of a dialogue turn is an example of:
Paralinguistic use
Which of the following is an extralinguistic use of voice?
A. Voicing contrast in fricatives
B. Indicating sadness
C. Creating speaker identity
D. Signaling lexical stress
C. Creating speaker identity
What function does the larynx primarily serve in speech production?
Sound source generator
What movement brings the vocal folds together?
Adduction
According to the Bernoulli effect, increased velocity in airflow leads to
Lower pressure
Voicing occurs in the larynx as a result of
The Bernoulli effect and vocal fold vibration
Voice quality exists on a continuum of vocal fold closure from:
Abducted to adducted
Modal phonation involves
Regular vibration with full vocal fold closure
In which voice quality are the vocal folds adducted but stiff, resulting in no vibration?
Whisper
Which voice quality is characterized by irregular, low-pitched vocal fold vibration?
Creaky
In falsetto voice quality, which part of the vocal folds vibrate?
Thin inner edge
Which voice quality has significant airflow and glottal turbulence along with vibration?
Breathy
What does a sawtooth waveform represent in phonation modeling?
A model of the glottal source
A sawtooth wave has:
A. Only odd harmonics
B. No harmonics
C. All harmonics with 1/N amplitude fall-off
D. A flat frequency spectrum
C. All harmonics with 1/N amplitude fall-off
What is the first step in measuring voice quality?
Identifying pitch periods
What does fundamental frequency (f0) represent?
The rate of vocal fold vibration
Jitter measures
Cycle-to-cycle variation in pitch period duration
Shimmer is defined as
Variation in amplitude between cycles
Which measurement reflects the ratio of harmonic to noise energy in voice?
HNR
What does the Soft Phonation Index (SPI) measure?
Ratio of low to high frequency energy
Order the following from most to least vocal fold closure: modal, glottal closure, breathy, voiceless, creaky
Glottal closure, creaky, modal, breathy, voiceless
