4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Flashcards
Notes:
Cloud Characteristics
1) Shared resources
a) Hardware resources can provide services to devices beyond their physical boundaries
b) This provides more flexibility and scalability
2) Metered utilization
a) The cloud is a pay-as-you-go service, you pay for what you use.
b) This helps optimize cost when using cloud services
3) Rapid elasticity
a) Resources can be allocated and reallocated as required to optimize resources usage and cost
4) High availability
a) A hardware failure should have little to no effect on cloud services
5) File synchronization
a) Makes files available from anywhere you can access the cloud
Notes:
Cloud Deployment Models
1) Public Cloud – Everyone
a) A third party hosts the equipment for anyone to make use of their service.
b) EVERYONE can use/access
2) Private Cloud – Single-client
a) A third-party host the equipment for a SINGLE client to have exclusive use of the resources
b) Private clouds are driven by concerns around security and compliance and keeping assets within the firewall
3) Community Cloud – Multi-client
a) A community cloud is a MULTI-TENANT platform that allows several companies to work on the same platform, given that they have similar needs and concerns.
4) Hybrid Cloud – Private-&-Public
a) By using a Hybrid approach, companies can maintain control of an internally managed private cloud while relying on the public cloud as needed.
Notes:
Cloud Computing Service Models
1) Software as a Service (SaaS)
a) Software as a service vendors host the applications, making them available to users via the internet. Metered utilization.
b) Examples: Office 365, Google Docs, LinkedIn
c) Basically, Only use app
2) Platform as a Service (PaaS)
a) Platform as a service offers developers a platform for software development and deployment over the internet, enabling them to access up-to-date tools.
c) Basically, Only develop and use app
3) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
a) Infrastructure as a service is used by companies that don’t want to maintain their own on-premises data centers
c) Basically, Manage, develop and use app
Notes:
Virtualization Pt. 1
Virtualization uses a hypervisor to allow multiple OSs to work simultaneously in one physical computer system
Benefits:
1) Power saving
a) Less physical hardware with less power
2) Hardware consolidation
a) Fewer devices means less hardware to manage.
3) System management and security
a) Virtual machines (VMs) are sandboxed environments
b) VMs are easier to backup and replicate
Notes:
Virtualization Hardware Support and Resource Requirements
1) RAM
a) Each virtual machine will require the resources as an actual physical machine. Windows 10 requires 2GB of RAM minimum to install on physical hardware.
2) VM Storage Types
a) Virtual hard rives exists as a single file on physical hard drive. (Easy to replicate and transport)
b) Physical hard drives can be attached exclusively to a virtual machine, so it is unusable by another VM or the host.
Notes:
Virtualization Pt. 2
1) Desktop Virtualization
a) Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) – is a technology that is used to provide virtual machines to be used as virtual desktops by remote users.
I. Provides simplified centrally managed user systems.
II. Can be done on-premise or in the cloud.
2) Client-Side Virtualization
a) Sandbox
b) Test development
c) Application virtualization
I. Legacy software/OS
II. Cross-platform virtualization
Notes:
Virtual Networking Components
Hypervisor: The software that is used to create, run, and manage the VMs is the hypervisor
1) Type 1 hypervisors – run directly on the hardware WITHOUT an operating system.
a) Prioritizes resources for the VMs
b) Also known as bare metal virtualization
2) Type II hypervisors – run WITHIN an operating system
a) Share resources between the host and the VMs
Question:
An organization is looking to move its data to the cloud. The data will contain company secrets and employee-held records. What deployment model would best fit their needs to reduce external attacks?
a) Public
b) Private
c) Community
d) Hybrid
b) Private
A private model would give only that organization access to the cloud information. In other models the resources would be shared across multiple companies
Question:
An organization will be utilizing cloud services to store large amounts of data. They will be paying for only the storage costs and when the date is accessed. What characteristic of the cloud is this?
a) Rapid elasticity
b) Metered utilization
c) Shared resources
d) Broad access
b) Metered utilization
One benefit of using the cloud is paying for only what you utilize. Such as processing time or storage. This characteristic is call metered utilization.
Rapid elasticity is when cloud services can expand and contract on demand.
Shared resources describes how a cloud is built by multiple organizations sharing a single set of resources.
Broad access describes how the cloud can be accessed from anywhere though.
Question:
Which of the following cloud models keeps access, even when the internet connection goes down?
a) Private
b) SaaS
c) Community
d) Public
a) Private
*Private model doesn’t need internet access for it to work, since it might be connected to the private cloud through a dedicated line. SaaS, Community, and Public clouds needs an always on internet connection.
Question:
An organization needs to run a few Windows applications on their MacOS systems. Which of the following would provide a cost-effective method of accomplishing this goal?
a) Dual-boot operating systems
b) Remote desktop software
c) Having everyone use Windows
d) Cross-platform virtualization
d) Cross-platform virtualization
Cross-platform virtualization will allow you to run other types of operating system on a different OS. For example, running Windows on a Mac which would solve the problem in this question.
Question:
Which of the following is best for PaaS usage?
a) On-site backups
b) Cross-platform virtualization
c) Virtualization of the new server
d) A web application for Accounting
d) A web application for Accounting
Platform as a service (PaaS) is best suited for when hosting web applications since the cloud provider will take care of the hardware and operating system of the server. On-site backup will not utilize any cloud storage. Cross-platform virtualization and virtualization of a new server would best be done on a local computer in the LAN.
Question:
Client-side virtualization guest machines must be secured in the same manner as physical machines. A technician must ensure separation from other guest machines. Which of the following BEST describes this client-side guest security requirement?
a) Isolation
b) Authentication
c) Cross-platform virtualization
d) Baselining
a) Isolation
Virtual machines (VM) on a host are separated using isolation. This means that the guest machines cannot communicate with each other onto the virtual network is set up. Issues from one VM cannot affect another VM.
Question:
A developer would like to write codes in an environment that will not affect other parts of the network or systems. Which of the following provides the BEST solution for the developer?
a) Cross-platform functionality
b) Software compatibility
c) Sandbox environment
d) Cloud computing
c) Sandbox environment
A sandbox environment can be implemented on virtual systems that will isolate that system or network from other systems or network.
Question:
Why would a company want to use a type I or client-side hypervisor?
a) For a programmer to test many applications on many different operating systems on their computer
b) For data center to run hundreds of virtual machines at once
c) To have five people use on computer
d) To backup data in the cloud
a) For a programmer to test many applications on many different operating systems on their computer
Client-side hypervisor’s allows users to run multiple BMs on their workstation, such as virtualbox. This will allow a programmer to test many applications on virtualized operating systems. For a datacenter to run hundreds of virtual machine it would best be use server-side hypervisor or type II hypervisor’s.
Question:
An online retailer wants to migrate to the public cloud so capacity can be added during the peak season and automatically removed when the peak is over. Which of the following BEST describes this aspect of cloud computing?
a) Rapid elasticity
b) Metered utilization
c) Shared resources
d) High availability
a) Rapid elasticity
Rapid elasticity allowed cloud services to expand (add more resources) when needed and downsize (remove resources) when not needed.
Question:
An organization would like to use a cloud service model that will allow them just to manage user accounts and not the actual application. They would like to use the application with minimum administration. What cloud model best supports this?
a) PaaS
b) SaaS
c) IaaS
d) DaaS
b) SaaS
Software as a service (SaaS) is a service model we’re the providers of the application will maintain the service, operating system, and the administration of the application such as backups. All users of the application have to do is manage and create user accounts and actually use the application for their business.
