ageing and frailty Flashcards
with time, a trend described as the rectangularization of survival curves has emerged, explain?
where the onset of morbidity/mortality is much more delayed, living longer lives thanks to modern medicine and public health initiatives.
cellular senescence is the phenomenon where cell lose the ability to [….]. in response to DNA damage, cells either [….[ or they [….] if the damage cant be repaired.
divide.
senesce or they self-destruct (apoptosis)
frailty phenotype involves the following 5 criteria: [….]
cases are pre-frail if they have […]criteria
unintentional weight loss weakness exhaustion slow walking speed low physical activity
pre-frail
frail
frailty is associated with a low grade, chronic activation of […..], along with abnormalities of the [….] and coagulation systems.
immune system
endocrine system.
The [….] Model of Frailty outlines a group of patient characteristics, where if present they can predict poorer outcomes.
Phenotype
The [….] Model of Frailty outlines an accumulation of defecits which occur with ageing that combine to increase the ‘frailty index’—>increasing the risk of an adverse event
Deficit
[….] is the loss of muscle mass and strength, it tends to occur after 50 years old, but accelerates after 60 years old.
sarcopenia
In the process of sarcopenia, type […] muscles fibres deteriorate faster than type […] muscle fibres.
Type 2
Type 1
Type 2 muscle fibres are […] twitch, meant for [….] types of movement. Type 1 muscle fibres are […], meant for [….] movement.
Normally muscles are activated from distal to proximal, but as you age this reverses.
fast twitch
fine, precise rapid movement.
slow twitch
gross, sustained motor movement
a […..] is one symptom or a complex of symptoms with high prevalence in geriatrics, resulting from multiple diseases and multiple risk factors.
geriatric syndrome
