Drugs of Dependance and Antidepressants Flashcards
[…] describes a state where drug taking becomes compulsive, taking precedence over other needs
drug dependance
[…] describes a state where use of illicit substances is characterized by recurrent and clinically significant adverse events.
drug abuse
Where are the reward and salience circuits in the brain?
nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum
Where are the memory and learning circuits in the brain?
hippocampus and amygdala
Where are the circuits for motivational drive in the brain?
orbitofrontal cortex and subcallosal cortex.
Where are the circuits for inhibitory control in the brain?
prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate gyrus.
drugs of dependence act to increase […] levels in the nucleus accumbens.
dopamine.
dopamine transmission can be modulated by any of the following NT’s:
ACh, serotonin, NA,
GABA, glutamate,
opioids
[…] drugs (ex. morphine, heroine) produce CNS effects of euphoria
opiod
[….] drugs (ex. alcohol diazepam) produce CNS effects of reduced anxiety.
cns depressants
[….] drugs (cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA) produce CNS effects of excitement, increased energy.
cns stimulants.
[….] drugs (LSD) cause hallucinations.
Hallucinogens
[….] drugs (D-9-THC) cause altered pereption
cannabinoids
both cocaine and amphatemine, in the class of CNS [….], act to increase levels of […] in the synaptic cleft.
cocaine does this by […], while amphetamine stimulates [….].
these drugs also modulate the effect of NT’s: […]
stimulants
noradrenaline
inhibiting reuptake channels
release from storage vesicles.
dopamine and serotonin.
amphetamine produces mood [….], appetite [….], improves confidence and speed of performance on tasks with tradeoff being loss of […..]. Amphetamine analogs can be used to treat […].
elevation
suppression
accuracy
ADHD type disorders.
***Cocaine effects are essentially more dramatic versions of this.
