4.1 Assess Biological Theories To Inform Policies

Question 1

What policies were made based on biological theories

Answer 1

•Treatments to treat substance abuse
.Lowering testosterone
•Changing diet + health
•Surgeries

Question 2

Treating substance abuse

Answer 2

. Antabuse is used to manage alcoholism.it causes symptoms of nausea and hangover like symptoms. The drug prevents the breakdown of alcohol within a persons body.
. Methadone is a manmade opioid used to treat heroin addictions.it causes feelings of relaxation and calmness and is a safer option rather than heroin

Question 3

What drugs are used to treat substance abuse

Answer 3

Antabuse and methadone

Question 4

Evaluate the treatment of substance abuse

Answer 4

✓ is done in a controlled and safe environment
✓ causes less theft to occur as theft is usually motivated by substances in the body
X doesn’t reduce white collar crimes or sexual offences
X short term solution and doesn’t resolve an addiction

Question 5

Lowering testosterone

Answer 5

Chemical castration lowers testosterone in a males body and reduces sexual impulses (stillbesterol). It however can cause breast cancer, infertility and a male to grow breasts ,etc
Between the 1950’s and 60’s research was conducted at HMP Whatton where volunteers were given it to reduce their sex drive, and it was positively received.

Question 6

Evaluate lowering of testosterone

Answer 6

✓ reduces rape offences and sexual offences
X lack of consent when given this course of treatment r

Question 7

Changing diet and nutrition

Answer 7

Diet can affect behaviour positively if adapted. Gesch et al gave a vitamin or placebo to 231 prisoners • it found that it had a reduction of 37% in violent behaviour as a result of vitamins being given. Low serotonin can also cause impulsivity and suicidal thoughts, but can be changed in diet with the increasing of eating watermelon, chocolate, etc

Question 8

Evaluate changing diet and health

Answer 8

✓ 37% reduction of violent crimes
X some people are unable to control their eating.
X it is difficult to isolate the effects from eating and nutrition to others, lie environment and exercise.
X placebo had an effect in The group and so the actually vitamin may not have been the cause for the change.

Question 9

Surgeries

Answer 9

. Surgical castration: removing a males testicles of asex offender in order to change the pattern of their benaviour (done in USA and Denmark)
. Lobotomies: is the cutting of connections in someone’s brain in order to treat paranoia, schizophrenia, etc.it can cause a change of benaviour and zombie like state to be induced.

Question 10

Evaluate surgeries

Answer 10

X irreversible treatment
X infringes on a person’s human rights with the lack of choice and informed consent

Question 11

Outline of now to answer question

Answer 11

1/4 is outlining, 3/4 is evaluating effectiveness