4.1 Enzyme Action

Question 1

Anabolic

Answer 1

Growth reactions, building up

Question 2

Catabolic

Answer 2

Breaking down reactions

Question 3

Activation energy

Answer 3

Energy needed to be supplied for most reactions to start

Question 4

Lock and key hypothesis

Answer 4

Substrate fits into an enzyme, decreasing distance between atom groups

Question 5

Active site

Answer 5

Area of enzyme complementary to specific substrate molecule

Question 6

Enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 6

When substrate is bound to the active site

Question 7

Enzyme product complex

Answer 7

When the substrate reacts and the product is formed. Product is then released, leaving enzyme unchanged and the cycle continues

Question 8

Induced-fit hypothesis

Answer 8

Suggests the active sits of enzyme changes shape slightly as substrate enters. Modified version of lock and key hypothesis

Question 9

Intracellular enzyme

Answer 9

Enzyme that acts within cells

Question 10

Extracellular Enzyme

Answer 10

Enzymes released from cells to break down large nutrient molecules in process of digestion

Question 11

Amylase

Answer 11

Breaks starch polymers into maltose, produced in salivary glands and pancreas

Question 12

Maltase

Answer 12

Breaks maltose into glucose, present in the small intestine

Question 13

Trypsin

Answer 13

Protease, enzyme that catalyses digestion of proteins into smaller peptides, which are then broken down into amino acids by other proteases