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2nd U1 Pharm > Miscellaneous Agents > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 7 tyrosine kinase inhibitors…

A 
Imatinib
Gefitinib
Erlotinib
Afatinib
Nilotinib
Dasatinib
Lapatinib
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2
Q

Which tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibits Abl kinase by binding where ATP should and also inhibits PDGFR and c-kit

A

Imatinib

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3
Q

What are the three things inhibited by Imatinib?

A

Abl kinase
PDGFAR
c-kit

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4
Q

What tyrosine kinase inhibitor is considered the first line of therapy for CML?

A

Imatinib

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5
Q

What three tyrosine kinase inhibitors inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase?

A

Gefitinib
Erlotinib
Afatinib

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6
Q

Which tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibits Abl kinase?

A

Nilotinib

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7
Q

Which tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibits both Abl kinase and Src kinase?

A

Dasatinib

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8
Q

Which tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibits both EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and ErbB2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase?

A

Lapatinib

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9
Q

What three tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat non-small lung cancer?

A

Gefitinib
Erlotinib
Afarinib

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10
Q

Erlotinib is used to treat non-small lung cancer and _______.

A

Pancreatic cancer

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11
Q

If a patient is found to have imatinib-resistant CML what are the other two tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are used?

A

Nilotinib

Dasatinib

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12
Q

Lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used for the treatment of what?

A

Advanced or metastatic breast cancer over expressing HER2 and hormone + metastatic breast cancer over expressing HER2 receptor in postmenopausal women

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13
Q

What are the side effects of Imatinib?

A 
N/V
Fluid retention
Muscle cramps
Arthralgia
Myelosuppression
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14
Q

What are the side effects of Gefitinib?

A 
Interstitial lung disease
Liver damage
GI perforation
Severe diarrhea
Ocular disorders
Skin reactions--rash, acne, pruritis, dry skin
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15
Q

What are the side effects of Erlotinib?

A 
Rash
Diarrhea
Appetite loss
N/V
stomach pain
Fatigue
SOB
mouth sores
Dry skin
itching
cough
Liver/renal failure
interstitial lung dz
increased bleeding or clot formation
GI perforation
Corneal ulceration/perforation
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16
Q

What are the side effects of Afatinib?

A 
Diarrhea
Vomiting
rash/dermatitis
Acneiform
Stomatitis
Paronichia
Dry skin
Pruritis
Decreased appetite
Dyspnea
Fatigue
Pulmonary toxicity
Pneumonia
Sepsis
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17
Q

What are the side effects of Nilotinib?

A

Myelosuppression
QT prolongation
Hepatotoxicity
Electrolyte abnormalities

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18
Q

What are the side effects of Dasatinib?

A 
Myelocuppression
Bleeding
Fluid retention
Pulmonary arterial HTN
Diarrhea 
N/V
Weakness
infections
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19
Q

What are the side effects of Lapatinib?

A 
Hepatotoxicity
Nausea
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Rashes
QT-prolongation
Decreased LV function when combined with capecitabine
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
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20
Q

All the tyrosine kinase inhibitors are PO QD except ______, which is PO BID.

A

Nilotinib

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21
Q

Name the three monoclonal antibody drugs…

A

Rituximab
Trastuzumab
Cetuximab

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22
Q

Name the antibody-drug conjugate…

A

Ado-trastuzumab emtansine

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23
Q

Name the human monoclonal antibody drugs…

A

Ipilimumab

Nivolumab

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24
Q

Name the fully human monoclonal antibody…

A

Panitumumab

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25
Q

What monoclonal antibody is a CD20 B-cell antibody that can directly activate apoptosis, activate complement, or activate cell-mediated cytotoxicity?

A

Rituximab

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26
Q

Which monoclonal antibody works through a HER2/neu receptor antibody mechanism?

A

Trastuzumab

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27
Q

What mechanism does Ado-trastuzumab emtansine an antibody-drug conjugate work through?

A

Conjugate undergoes receptor-dependent internalization and drug released inside cell

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28
Q

What two monoclonal antibodies work through epidermal growth factor receptor–EGFR (ErbB1)?

A

Cetuximab

Panitumumab

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29
Q

what mechanism of action does ipilimumab, a human monoclonal antibody, use?

A

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte antigen 4 inhibitor–stimulates immune system

30
Q

Which monoclonal antibody inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)?

A

Nivolumab

31
Q

Which monoclonal antibody is used in the treatment of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

Rituximab

32
Q

Which monoclonal antibody is used in the treatment of HER/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer?

A

Trastuzumab

33
Q

Ado-Trastuzumab emtansine is an antibody-drug conjugate used in the treatment of what?

A

ErbB2 (HER2) + metastatic breast cancer patients with prior treatment hx of trestuzumab and/or taxane

34
Q

EGFR-+ metastatic colorectal cancer is treated with ______ in combination with irinotecan, 5-FU, and Leu ovarian.

A

Cetuximab

35
Q

What monoclonal antibody is used for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck combined with radiation therapy?

A

Cetuximab

36
Q

EGFR-expressing metastatic colorectal cancers that are resistant to fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan regimens is treated with what?

A

Panitumumab

37
Q

Which monoclonal antibody is used in the treatment of melanoma?

A

Ipilimumab

38
Q

After a patient with melanoma have been unsuccessfully treated with ipilimumab, the next monoclonal antibody used is?

A

Nivolumab

39
Q

Melanoma patient with the BRAF V600 mutation previously treated with ipilimumab is treated with?

A

Nivolumab

40
Q

Metastatic squamous NSCLC that has progressed after platinum-based chemo is treated with?

A

Nivolumab

41
Q

What are the side effects of Rituximab?

A 
Infusion reactions
tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
Severe mucocutaneous reactions
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Skin reactions
Irregular heartbeat
Muscle or joint pain
42
Q

What are the side effects of Trastuzumab?

A

Hypersensitivity reaction

LV dysfunction

43
Q

What are the side effects of Ado-trastuzumab emtansine?

A 
Fatigue
Nausea
MSK pain
Thrombocytopenia
Headache
Hypokalemia 
Peripheral neuropathy
Ventricular dysfunction
Interstitial lung disease
Intersitial lung dz
Infusion associated reactions
Hepatotoxicity
Birth defects
44
Q

What are the side effects of Cetuximab?

A 
Allergic reactions
sudden cardiac death
dermatologic problems
infections 
renal failure
electrolyte abnormalities
Asthenia/malaise
Fever
Nausea
Constipation
interstitial pneumonitis
45
Q

What are the side effects of Panitumumab?

A 
Skin toxicities 
paronychia
hypomagnesemia
fatigue
abdominal pain
nausea
diarrhea
constipation
46
Q

What are the side effects of Nivolumab?

A 
Rash
Itching
Cough
Upper respiratory tract infections
Edema
fatigue
SOB
MSK pain
Decreased appetite
Nausea
Constipation
Severe immune-mediated side effects on healthy organs
47
Q

Which monoclonal antibody is usually combined with taxanes and enhances doxorubicin cardiotoxicity?

A

Trastuzumab

48
Q

Name the two serine/threonine kinase inhibitors…

A

Vemurafenib

Dabrafenib

49
Q

Name the dual specificity kinase…

A

Trametinib

50
Q

What two drugs are used to inhibit oncogenic BRAF kinase?

A

Vemurafenib

Dabrafenib

51
Q

Tramentinib inhibits____.

A

MEK

52
Q

What three drugs are used to treat unresectable Stage III and IV or metastatic melanomas with BRAF mutations?

A

Vemurafenib
Dabrafenib
Trametinib

53
Q

What are the side effects of Vemurafenib, a serine/threonine kinase inhibitor?

A 
Arthralgia
Fatigue
Photosensitivity
Nausea
Alopecia
Diarrhea
QT prolongation
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Keratoacanthoma
new primary cutaneous melanoma
54
Q

What are the side effects of Dabrafenib, a serine/threonine kinase inhibitor?

A

Serious febrile drug reactions
Uveitis and iritis
hyperglycemia
hyperkeratosis

Higher risk of developing:
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Keratoacanthoma
new primary cutaneous melanoma

55
Q

What are the side effects of Trametinib, a dual specificity kinase?

A 
Cardiomyopathy
Retinal disorders
Interstitial lung dz
Serious skin toxicities
Rash
Diarrhea
Stomatitis
HTN
Pruritis
56
Q

What serine/threonine kinase inhibitor is superior to dacarbazine in Phase III trials?

A

Vemurafenib

57
Q

Dabrafenib may cause what to occur in males?

A

Infertility

58
Q

Trametinib may cause what to occur in females?

A

Infertility

59
Q

What mechanism of action is used by hydroxyurea?

A

Inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase

60
Q

Hydroxyurea is used in the treatment of what?

A

CML–replaced by Imatinib
Polucythemia vera
Essential thrombocythemia
Treatment of sickle cell dz (increases Hb-F)

61
Q

What is the mechanism of Retinoids?

A

ATRA induces terminal differentiation in malignant immature promyelocytes, which subsequently apoptose

62
Q

Retinoids are used for the treatment of what?

A

APL

63
Q

What are the side effects of Retinoids used for the treatment of APL?

A 
Leukocyte activation syndrome (LAS)
increase in WBCs
-Fever
-Weight gain
-respiratory distress
-serosal effusion
-renal failure
64
Q

What are retinoids combined with to block the side effect of leukocyte activation syndrome (LAS)?

A

anthracyclines–corticosteroid

65
Q

Arsenic trioxide is used to treat what?

A

Relapsed APL

66
Q

Thalidomide is used to treat what?

A

Multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes

67
Q

Interferons are used to treat what?

A

Hairy cell leukemia
CML
AIDS related to Kapok’s sarcoma

68
Q

What does ABVD (combination therapy) stand for?

A

Doxorubicin
Bleomycin
Vinblastine
Dacarbazine

69
Q

What does CHOP (combination therapy) stand for?

A

Cyclophosphamide
Hydroxydoxubicin
Vincristine
Prednisone

70
Q

What does MOPP (combination therapy) stand for?

A

Mechlorethamine
Vincristine
Procarbazine
Prednisone

71
Q

What does CMF (combination therapy) stand for?

A

Cyclophosphamide
Methotrexate
5-fluorouracil

72
Q

What does FEC (combination therapy) stand for?

A

5-Fluorouracil
Epirubicin
cyclophosphamide

2nd U1 Pharm (11 decks)

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