4.2 - How did organisms become so well adapted? Flashcards
What is meant by natural selection?
process in which individuals that are better adpated to their environment are more likely to suvrive & pass on their genes to future gens
What is meant by evolution?
change in allele frequency in a population over time (generation)
What is a gene pool?
sum of all alleles present in a population at a give time
What is allele frequency?
how an allele occurs in a gene pool
What is evolution usually the result of?
natural selection
What can evolution sometimes result in? What is this called?
the production for a totally new species - speciation
What is meant by the Hardy-Weinburg equation?
equation that relateds phenotype frequencies to allele frequency
What is reproductive isolation?
when two populations are unable to breed with each other or they produce offspring which fail to survive
What is speciation?
formation of a new species
What does the ‘p’ in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represent?
frequency of dominant allele
What does ‘p^2’ represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
frequency of homozygous dominant individuals
What does the ‘q’ represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
frequency of recessive allele
What does ‘q^2’ represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
frequency of homozygous recessive individuals
What does ‘2pq’ represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
frequency of heterozygous individuals
