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Sociology A2 > Mass Media Sociologists > Flashcards

Mass Media Sociologists Flashcards

1
Q

Agbetu

A 
A black person has three attributed in the media: 
Involved in :
Sports
Entertainment 
Crime
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2
Q

Bagdikan

A

In 1983 50 corporations controlled most media in the U.S.
By 1992 this dropped to 22 controlling 90%
Argues that if they were individually owned there would be 2500 owners
Instead by 2004 the U.S. media was concentrated into 7 owners

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3
Q

Ballister

A

Women’s magazines seem to present conflicting messages

- behave radically but conform to traditional values

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4
Q

Barnes

A 
Disabled people stereotypes in media:
Pitiable + pathetic 
Sinister + evil 
Super cripple 
Their own worst enemy 
A burden 
Sexually abnormal 
Incapable of competing
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5
Q

Batchelor

A

Lack of positive images of lesbian and gay teenagers in the media

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6
Q

Butler

A

Gender is not the result of nature but is socially constructed
Gender behaviour is constructed through media and culture
Gender is a performance
There are a number of exaggerated representations of masculinity and femininity which causes gender trouble

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7
Q

Bulsara

A

Three potent images of disabled people:
Pity
Dependent
Flawed

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8
Q

Batcheler

A

Gays are not integrated into the mainstream media, they are a target for teasing and bullying
Lesbianism is hardly shown

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9
Q

Curran

A

Ownership of the mass media has always been concentrated in the hands of a few powerful people
- the ‘press barons’ in the 30s - 4 men who were owned nearly 1/2 of all newspapers, local and national

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10
Q

Colliers

A

Men’s magazines are often contradictory in their representation

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11
Q

Connell

A

Feminine identity in the uk is still the product of hegemonic ideas

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12
Q

Craig

A

Homosexual stereotypes in the media

  • campness
  • Macho
  • deviant
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13
Q

Curran and seaton

A

Newspapers assume the w/c are uninterested in politics

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14
Q

Williams

A

Fewer and fewer large companies increasingly own what we see hear and read

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15
Q

Croteau and Hoynes (1997)

A

Vertical integration is when one owner acquires all aspects of production and distribution of a single type of media product
Horizontal integration is when one company buys different types of media - Virgin

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16
Q

Kennedy

A

Vertical integration means that now most film goers are watching films made by the big American studios

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17
Q

Dutton

A

4 essential parts of mass media

  • distance
  • technology
  • scale
  • commodification
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19
Q

Cumberbatch

A

Youth and beauty the main features of women in the media
2x more likely to be shown in domestic roles
Men 2x more likely to be shown in paid work

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20
Q

Duncan + messer

A

Male gaze

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21
Q

Dyer

A

Media constructs what is stereotyped as ‘gayness’ - vocal highs, expressions, walks etc
- Makes the visible the invisible

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23
Q

Easthorpe

A

The masculine myth

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24
Q

Edwards

A

The new man was simply a product of advertisement do they can sell their products to males and females

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25
Q

McCabe and Martin

A

Imitation was a likely outcome of media violence as the media often portrays such violence as heroic
Such acts are then carried out by young people as they believe that it is acceptable
This is known as the disinhibition effect

26
Q

Ferguson

A

Many magazines were like apprentice manuals to teach women domestic skills

27
Q

Gerbner

A

Symbolic interactionism of gays and lesbians

28
Q

Gill

A

Homosexuality represented in a sanitised way

29
Q

Gauntlett

A

Increased in main female characters

  • 1992/3 - 18%
  • 1995/6 - 43%
30
Q

Karpf

A

There is a need for charities, but telephones

Act to keep audience as givers whereas recipients are kept in place as grateful

31
Q

Hall

A

Policing the crisis
Moral panic of black muggings
Labelled all young black people as muggers

32
Q

Lipman and Lassewell

A

Hypodermic syringe model

33
Q

Hakim

A

Erotic capital

34
Q

Katz and Lasarfield

A

Two step flow model

35
Q

Morrison

A

There is a difference between realistic violence and cartoonish violence

36
Q

Morgan

A

Porn is the theory, rape is the practise

37
Q

McQueen

A 
Status of different age groups determined by money 
- adults have the most 
Consumer strand - children targeted 
Public service strand- educational tv
Adult strand - watch adult tv
39
Q

Narin

A

The monarchy is now represented with values such as niceness and decency

40
Q

McRobbie

A

Studied girls magazines and drew similar conclusions to Ferguson
Now women are encouraged to be assertive confident and supportive of each other

41
Q

Newson

A

Exposure to violent killings etc on TV creates a drip drip effect amongst young people
This results in such violence being decentralised - they begin to see such behaviour as normal and are socialised into accepting deviant behaviour

42
Q

Peake (2004)

A

In 1988 there were only 4 TV channels in the UK, now there are over 250 (in 2004)
Cinema multiplexes - 14 to 2000
0 web pages to billions

43
Q

Mort

A

The metrosexual male

44
Q

Newman

A

Upper + middle class + elderly often portrayed in tv and film as occupying high status roles, eg judges, politicians

44
Q

Newbold

A

Little coverage of women’s sport

45
Q

Mulvey

A

Film makers employ a male gaze

46
Q

Persons

A

Youth tends to be depicted as a problem in the media

47
Q

Orbach

A

Links the media yo the rise in anorexia and bulimia

48
Q

Richardson

A

Islamaphobia

  • Muslims represented negatively
  • rarely news casters
48
Q

Penny

A

Stressed the supportive role magazines play in women’s lives
Successful women are depicted as having children and top managers in businesses

51
Q

Ross

A

Old people object to portrayals as:
Infantilisation
Unrealistic + satanised
Constant use of wheelchairs, white sticks and guide dogs

52
Q

Roper

A

Range of images identified of disabled people but mostly negative

53
Q

Tuchman

A

Women shown in sexual or domestic settings

54
Q

Van Dijk

A

Moral panics of immigrants refugees and Muslims

54
Q

Rutherford

A

Retributive masculinity

55
Q

Venker

A

Now men are being emasculated - considered to be stupid

- feminism has gone too far

55
Q

Whannels

A

David Beckham is controversial -retributive+ metrosexual

55
Q

Watney

A

British news coverage of AIDS in the 80s stereotyped gay people as carriers of a gay plague

56
Q

Wolf

A

Body ideals - through advertisement and print media

57
Q

Young

A

Seeing the effects of violence and the pain it causes makes people less likely to commit such acts

Sociology A2 (11 decks)

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