ORCO Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a worldview?

A

Perceptual sets that reflect our inclination and experiences. Habitual ways of seeing the world.

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2
Q

What is organizational communication?

A

The interaction required to direct a group toward a set of common goals?

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3
Q

What is globalization?

A

.

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4
Q

What is outsourcing?

A

When a company chooses to hire people in other countries to do some of their work.

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5
Q

What is trafficking?

A

Refers to the illegal trade of human beings across borders.

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6
Q

What is multicultural management?

A

The ability to adapt one’s leadership style to both respond to and make the most persuasive cultural differences is values and practices among a diverse employee population

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7
Q

What is communication technology?

A

Any type of electronic tool or device that may be used to enhance or enable information sharing or person-to-person interaction.

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8
Q

What is knowledge management?

A

The ways organizations make use of knowledge as a resource and commodity.

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9
Q

What is identity theft?

A

Someone steals your identifying information and impersonates you in transactions with various stores and institutions.

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10
Q

What are urgent organizations?

A

Companies whose main challenge is to shorten the time in which they develop new products and respond to customer demands.

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11
Q

What is an organizational environment?

A

The sum total of people, institutions, and activities that exist outside of the organization’s boundaries but exert actual or potential influence over the company’s internal operations..

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12
Q

What are boundary spanners?

A

Company employees who have direct contact with the public.

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13
Q

What are the three functions of boundary spanners?

A

1) They can access the opinions of people outside of the organization and can use that information to guide organizational decision making
2) Their awareness of subtle trends in the environment can serve as a warning system for environmental jolts.
3) They serve as important representatives of the organization to its environment.

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14
Q

What is the new social contract?

A

Is the different kind of employment relationship wherein “job security” is fleeting and tied expressly to whether one’s skills fit the organization’s needs at that time.

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15
Q

What are communication networks?

A

Relationships with trusted coworkers characterized by quick, verbal communication- are the most dynamic source of power in contemporary organizations because of the role they play in responding to a turbulent business environment.

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16
Q

What is the quality of life?

A

The overall satisfactions and aspirations.

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17
Q

Four approaches to organizational communication?

A

1) information transfer
2) Transactional process
3) Strategic control
4) A balance of creativity and constriant

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18
Q

What is communication as an information transfer?

A

Views communication as a metaphoric pipeline through which information flows from one person to another.

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19
Q

What are typical communication problems?

A

1) information overload
2) Distortion
3) Ambiguity

20
Q

What three factors can contribute to information overload?

A

1) Amount, the quantity of info to be processed.
2) Rate, the speed at which the info presents itself
3) Complexity, the amount of work it takes to process the info

21
Q

What is distortion?

A

The effects of noise on the receiver’s ability to process the message.

22
Q

When does ambiguity occur?

A

When multiple interpretation of a message cloud the sender’s intended message.

23
Q

What is communication as a transactional process?

A

Asserts that in human communication, clear distinctions are not made between senders and receivers

24
Q

What is communication as a strategic control?

A

Communication is a tool for controlling the environment.

25
Q

What is strategic ambiguity?

A

Describes the ways in which people may communicate unclearly but still accomplish their goals.

26
Q

What is communication as a balance of creativity and constraint?

A

Communication is the moment-to-moment working out of the tension between individual creativity and organizational constraint.

27
Q

What is the duality of structure?

A

Anthony Giddens simultaneously focuses on the creative and constraining aspects of structure.

28
Q

What is the theory of structuration?

A

Sees human behavior as an unresolvable, productive tension between creativity and constraint.

29
Q

What is the situated individual?

A

a person who is conducting the everyday business of constructing and maintaining the social realities in which they live.

30
Q

What is phatic communication?

A

a form of small talk that helps us appear to be social and gives the impression that we are interested in others.

31
Q

What is the old social contract?

A

The American Dream. Acceptable performance and good behavior will equal life time employment.

32
Q

When thinking of organizations as dialogues what is dialogue??

A
  • Mindful communication
  • Equitable transaction
  • Empathic conversation
  • Real meeting
33
Q

What is mindful communication?

A

Talk is a mental and relational activity that is both purposeful and strategic

34
Q

What is equitable transaction?

A

All participants have opportunity to express opinions and perspectives

35
Q

What is empathic conversation?

A

We seek to understand the world as another person understand or imagines it.

36
Q

What is real meeting?

A

Letting others happen to you, while holding your ground (this doesn’t mean you are stubborn)

37
Q

What is classical management?

A
  • Organizations are well-run machines
  • Larger organizations are like little empires
  • They expanded trade, contributed to economic and social development
  • Info flow from the top down
  • Emphasis on division of labor
  • Assumes workers are passive
38
Q

What is meant by theories are partial?

A
  • They only tell part of the story
  • Partisan:it is told from a perspective
  • Problematic: they raise more questions than answer
  • Provide only a snapshot in time
39
Q

What is scientific management?

A

Fredrick Winslow Taylor was regarded as the father of this

  • Primary concern with efficiency and high task
  • Helped usher a systematic approach to the division of labor
40
Q

Fayol’s classical management and the concept of bureaucracy?

A
  • French industrialism in the 1940s
  • Believed employers should receive fair compensation
  • Began to consider interpersonal and social needs of workers
41
Q

What are the 5 elements of classical management?

A
  • Planning
  • Organizing
  • Commanding
  • Coordinating
  • Controlling
42
Q

What were the Hawthorne studies?

A
  • 1927-1932 took place in Illinois
  • Western Electric Hawthorne works
  • Elton Mayo oversaw experiments
  • Concerned with worker productivity
  • Empirical research showed little support for studies
43
Q

What is human resources movement?

A
  • Concerned with the total organizational climate
  • Concerned with encouraging employee participation and dialogue
  • Valued employee perceptions, worldview, and voice
44
Q

What is human relations perspective?

A
  • Points to need for more focus on worker’s morale and working conditions
  • Wanted workers to be treated as whole humans with the need for IP relationships
  • Helped bring attention to employees but didn’t address the need for employees feedback and views to be expressed.
45
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A

sought to consider the “whole man”. what a man can be, he must be. This we call self-actualization.