Exploration Vocab

Question 1

Line of demarcation

Answer 1

Under terms of treaty of Tordesillas, Portugal got east+Brazil and Spain got west (Americas)

Question 2

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 2

Agreement that Portugal got east and Spain got west

Question 3

Potosi

Answer 3

Silver mining town in viceroyalty of peru controlled by Spanish

Question 4

Caravel

Answer 4

Light, maneuverable sailing ship used by Spanish/Portugese with ILLUMINATI shaped sails

Question 5

Mercantilism

Answer 5

Economic theory tht trade generates wealth and is stimulated by accumulation of profitable balances which gov’t should encourage

Question 6

Encomienda

Answer 6

•made by Queen Elizabeth •gave Amerindians “protection”, •amerindians gave labor, tribute, and land to Spain •set stage for Spanish social system in Americas

Question 7

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 7

Spanish conquistador who discovered and conquered the Inca Empire of Peru

Question 8

Lateen sail

Answer 8

Triangular caravel sail, allows boat to tack against the wind

Question 9

Mita (repartimiento system)

Answer 9

Indigenous ppl had to work part of the year for Spanish mines, agricultures, and public works

Question 10

Ethnocentrism

Answer 10

Belief of cultural superiority, (peninsulares/creoles viewed themselves better then mestizos and Indians in Spanish America)

Question 11

Entrepôt

Answer 11

A port city where goods are traded (Indian Ocean..east Africa/India)

Question 12

Atahualpa

Answer 12

Last Incan emperor captured/executed by Francisco Pizarro

Question 13

Columbian Exchange

Answer 13

Widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, people, technology, ideas, disease b/w America and Afro-Eurasia

Question 14

Reconquista

Answer 14

In 1492, after the fall of Granada (islamic state) the Iberian peninsula was reconquered from the Muslims by the Christians

Question 15

Mestizos

Answer 15

Spanish/Indian parents

Question 16

Joint-stock company

Answer 16

A business tht sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and spread risks/profits among shareholders

Question 17

Conquistador

Answer 17

Adventurers from spain to America for riches power wealth and christian spreading

Question 18

Moors

Answer 18

Muslims from North Africa who controlled Spain (Andalusia) until the Reconquista

Question 19

Mulatto

Answer 19

Spanish/African parents

Question 20

Trans Atlantic slave trade

Answer 20

Atlantic trade of west Africans through triangular route middle passage starting in 1600s

Question 21

Hernan Cortes

Answer 21

Conquered of Aztec from Spain who pretended to be BFFLs with montezuma and then •turned the ppl against him •killed ppl •converted them to christian •spread disease and shit

Question 22

Viceroy

Answer 22

Spanish governors (Peru Mexico new Granada and la plata) starting with “crown of aragon” to help govern the growing Spanish empire

Question 23

Audiencia

Answer 23

Spies that communicated with Spain from colonies

Question 24

Middle passage

Answer 24

Route of African slaves being shipped through “triangular trade” in horrible conditions

Question 25

Circumnavigate

Answer 25

Ferinand Magellan sailed all the way around the world

Question 26

Creoles

Answer 26

Spanish born in America

Question 27

Peninsulares

Answer 27

Spaniards from Spain who came to colonies to be viceroys

Question 28

The encounter

Answer 28

1500-1800 turning point, time period when Europeans came into contact with Indigenous Americans

Question 29

Cartography

Answer 29

Science/practice of drawing maps

Question 30

Manila Galleons

Answer 30

Spanish trading ships between Philippines (Manila) and Americas (Acapulco)

Question 31

African Diaspora

Answer 31

Spread of west/central Africans into the Americas, and also europe, India, and Middle East due to slave trade

Question 32

Olaudah Equiano

Answer 32

Free African in London who supported British movement to end slave trade