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BMS 1001 > Membrane Potential > Flashcards

Membrane Potential Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of Cell Signalling?

A

Endocrine
Paracrine
Autocrine

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2
Q

What is Endocrine signalling?

A

Endocrine signals target distant cells. Endocrine cells produce hormones that travel through the blood to reach all parts of the body

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3
Q

What is Paracrine signalling?

A

Paracrine signals target cells in the vicinity of the emitting cell. Neurotransmitters represent an example

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4
Q

What is Autocrine signalling?

A

Autocrine signals are produced by the target cell, are secreted, and affect the target cell itself via receptors. An example of this are immune cells.

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5
Q

What is the resting potential voltage of a Nerve Cell?

A

-70 mv

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6
Q

What is the resting potential voltage for a smooth muscle cell?

A

-40 mv

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7
Q

What is the resting potential voltage for a skeletal muscle cell?

A

-90 mv

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8
Q

What is the Nernest equation used for?

A

Calculating how much of an ion is present at a given time.

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9
Q

What is present inside the cell in greater amounts during resting potential, potassium or Sodium?

A

Potassium

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10
Q

What are the two gradients at play regarding resting potential?

A

Concentration gradient

Electro-chemical gradient

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11
Q

During an action potential, what comes in and what goes out of the cell?

A

Potassium out and sodium in

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12
Q

What are the 4 phases of action potential?

A

Polarized
Depolarised
Repolarized
Hypopolarized

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13
Q

What is polarized?

A

Negative inside the cell but positive outside

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14
Q

What is depolarised?

A

The cell becomes positive inside the cell and negative outside

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15
Q

What is repolarised?

A

When the positive cell returns to negative inside and positive outside

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16
Q

What is Hyperpolarization?

A

When the cell becomes too negative and needs to restablise

17
Q

What is the Absolute Refactory Period?

A

the period immediately following the firing of a nerve fiber when it cannot be stimulated no matter how great a stimulus is applied

18
Q

When does the Relative Refactory period occur?

A

During hyperpolarization until the cell stabilizes to resting potential

19
Q

What direction does a signal travel?

A

Only forward - because behind the cell is in hyperpolarization

20
Q

Explain what Continuous propagation is and give a cell that you would find it in?

A

This is when an impulse continually moves forward as in slowly taking little steps walking forward - unmyelinated neurons

21
Q

Explain what Salutatory propagation is and give a cell that you would find it in?

A

This is when an impulse takes leaps forward, jumping node to node, which is the only location that depolarization occurs. Myelinated neurons

BMS 1001 (18 decks)

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