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Bio 113 Lab > Quiz 8 > Flashcards

Quiz 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Why are plants important

A 
Agriculture
Aesthetics/Money
Infrastructure
Pharmaceuticals
Culture
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2
Q

First terrestrial plants

A

liverworts
marchantia
mosses

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3
Q

Lichens

A

symbiotic organsisms
asscociations of fungi and either green or cyanobacteria
live on trees, soil, ricks and manmade structures
provide protection for the photosynthetic organism and a structure support for gas exchange, secretes compimds that aid mineral absorption an provides protection from herbivores
mutualistic association
neither symbiont could survive alone

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4
Q

Different types of Lichens

A

Foliose
Fruticose
Crustose

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5
Q

Mycorrhizae

A

Symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots are called mycorrhizae

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6
Q

endomycorrhizae

A

fungus enters cells

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7
Q

ectomycorrhizae

A

fungi may surround the cells without penetrating them

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8
Q

ecotone

A

region where different ecosystems meet

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9
Q

Adaptations for life on land

A 
waxy outer layer (limits water loss)
Openings in epidermis  (Stomata) for gas exchange 
Multicelular reproductive organs
development of seeds and fruits 
wind or animal dispersed male gametes
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10
Q

Megaspore

A

becomes female gametophyte

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11
Q

Microspore

A

becomes male gametophyte

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12
Q

Vascular tissues

A

Xylem

Ploem

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13
Q

Xylem

A

water transport

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14
Q

Phloem

A

transport of products of photosynthesis

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15
Q

Nonvascular Plants

A 
do not have true roots, stems or leaves 
includes moses, liverworts, and hornworts
no xylem or phloem 
Gametophyte dominant reduced sporophyte 
Capsule contains spores
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16
Q

Nonseeded Vascular Plants

A 
All have transport tissue that move water, nutrients, and photosynthesis products between roots, stems, and leaves
Includes ferns 
wind-dispesred spores
sporophyte dominant
require water for fertilization
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17
Q

Phyllum of ferns

A

Pterophytes

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18
Q

Gametophyte

A

haploid plant that produces haploid gametes through Mitosis

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19
Q

Sporophyte

A

diploid plant that produces haploid spores through Meiosis

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20
Q

Gymnosperms

A

Naked seeds
wind transported pollen
heterosporous
non-motile sperm

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21
Q

Angiosperm

A 
Flowering plants
"Covered seeds" 
sporophyte dominant form
Pollination - Fertilization - Dispersal 
Double Fertilization
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22
Q

Double fertilization

A

One sperm fuses with the egg to form a 2n zygote
The other sperm nucleus fuses with 2 polr nuclei to form a polyploidy (3n or 5n) endosperm
Endosperm provides energy to the developing embryo

23
Q

Monocots

A

Grasses, lilies, orchids, palms looks like monkeys

leaves with parallel veins

24
Q

Dicot

A

Oaks, Bean, spinach, rose

25
Q

Plant Tissues

A 
Vascular Tissues
Dermal Tissue (prevents injury and water loss)
26
Q

Plant Organs and Functions

A

Roots
Stems
Leaves
Flowers

27
Q

Roots

A

anchor plant
absorb/transport water and minerals
store

28
Q

Stems

A

transport water and nutrients

support leaves and flowers store

29
Q

Leaves

A

gas exchange

Photosynthesis

30
Q

Flowers

A

attract pollinators by scent and color

reproduction

31
Q

Two types of Roots

A

Fibrous Root Systems

Tap Root System

32
Q

Fibrous Root Systems

A

similar primary and secondary roots

33
Q

Tap Root System

A

large primary root and small secondary roots

34
Q

Shoots

A

Apical Meristem- mass of dividing cells at the tip of shoot
Leaf Primordia- bulgs that flank the meristem
Node- point on the stem where the leaf is attached
Axillary Bud- a lateral bud

35
Q

Eudicot Stem

A

Ring

leaves with netted or reticulate veins

36
Q

Leaves

A

major light-capturing organs of most plants

37
Q

Veins

A

(xylem and phloem) run through leaves

38
Q

Dermal Tissue

A

Mostly epidermal cells - upper and lower epidermis

Stomata

39
Q

Stomata

A

Gas exchange
Humidity regulates opening and closing
Guard cells
Found mostly on the underside of the leaf

40
Q

Flower

A 
Be able to able flower parts:
Ovule
Ovary 
Stigma 
Style 
Filament 
Connective 
Anther 
Microsporangium 
Stamen
Floral axis 
Articulation
Pedicel 
Nectary
41
Q

Fruit and Seed Dispersal

A

A fruit is a mature ovary
a seed is a mature ovule
Fruits often aid in the dispersal of their seeds

42
Q

Four main morphological and developmental features

A
  1. Type of body symmetry
  2. Presence or absence of different tissue types (and organ if present)
  3. Presence or absence of a true body cavity (Coelom)
  4. Patterns of embryonic development
43
Q

Types of symmetry

A

Asymmetrical
Radial
Bilateral

44
Q

Asymmetrical

A

without symmetry
irregularly shaped
ex: sponges

45
Q

Radial

A

parts radiate from the center like spokes on a wheel
no left or right sides
if cut

46
Q

Bilateral

A

has a left and a right side

if you cut down the center two pieces are mirror images of each other

47
Q

Tissues

A

Metazoa- all animals
Divided into Parazoa
-Porifera
Eumetazoa

48
Q

Parazoa

A

no specialized tissues or organs

49
Q

Porifera

A

pore bearer sponges

50
Q

Eumetazoa

A

more than one type of tissue and organs

51
Q

Different Germ (Tissue) Layers that Develop in Embryos

A

Edoderm - yellow innermost layers
Mesoderm - Blue middle layer
Ectoderm- outermost layer

52
Q

Classification Based on Germ Layers

A

Diploblastic - two layers, endoderm and ectoderm only

Triploblastic - three layers, endoderm, mesoderm and extoderm

53
Q

Types of Body Cavities

A

Acoelomate- no true body cavity
Pseudocoelomate-
“false” body cavity not completely lined with mesoderm
Coelomate-
body cavity completely lined with mesodermal tissue

54
Q

Embryonic Development

A

Protostome- blastopore becomes the mouth “first mouth”

Deuterostome- blastopore becomes the anus “second mouth”

Bio 113 Lab (9 decks)

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