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CS2 Exam III > 49/50: Pathology of RBC I & II - Fang > Flashcards

49/50: Pathology of RBC I & II - Fang Flashcards

1
Q

immature RBC =

A

reticulocyte

before reticulocyte= normoblast
after reticulocyte = mature erthyrocyte

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2
Q

marker of effective erythropoiesis

A

reticulocyte

normal below 3%

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3
Q

reticulocyte count is falsely increased in…

A

anemia

corrected retic count = patient Hct/45 x retic count

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4
Q

normal RBC size =

A

nucleus of lymphocyte

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5
Q

normal MCV

A

80- 100 fL

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6
Q

components of CBC

A 
Hb
Hct
PCV (packed cell volume)
RBC count including: MVC, MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin), MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)
RDW (red cell distribution width)
WBC count including TLC (total leukocyte count) and Diff
Platelet count
PBS (peripheral blood smear)
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7
Q

normal hemoglobin

A

11-15 female

12-16 male

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8
Q

MCV less than 80

A

microcytic anemia

iron deficiency (most common)
sideroblastic anemia (least common)
anemia of chronic disease (ex: renal failure)
thalassemia

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9
Q

most common microcytic anemia

A

iron deficiency

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10
Q

lab tests in microcytic anemia

A

serum iron
TIBC
% saturation
serum ferritin

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11
Q

single best test for iron studies

A

serum ferritin

circulating fraction of storage iron

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12
Q

most common type of auto-immune hemolytic anemia

A

SLE

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13
Q

warm v. cold auto-immune hemolytic anemias

A

warm - IgG

cold- IgM and complement

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14
Q

hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of newborn =

A

allo-immune

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15
Q

difference between direct and indirect coombs test *****

A

direct - use pt RBC
used to determine whether pt with hemolysis have an immune etiology

indirect - use pt serum
used to identify clinically significant red cell alloantibodies that are important in choosing compatible blood products

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16
Q

DAT and IAT are used to detect red cell antibodies on _____ and in the _________, respectively

A

RBC

serum

17
Q

decreased RBC mass affecting tissue oxygenation

A

anemia

  • low Hb or low Hct

sign on underlying disease rather than a specific diagnosis

18
Q

zone of central pallor =

A

1/3 diameter of RBC

19
Q

variation in size =

variation in shape =

A

anisocytosis

poikilocytosis

20
Q

polychromasia

A

alteration of color of the RBC

sign of cellular IMMATURITY

large size and bluish hue due to their RNA content

21
Q

nucleated RBC in PBS?

A

normoblastemia –> hemolytic anemia

22
Q

spherocytes (not biconcave) = (2) reasons

A

hereditary spherocytosis

OR

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

23
Q

schistocytes =

A
  • microangiopathic hemolytic anemias (DIC, TTP, HUS)

or other hemolytic anemias

24
Q

coarse smaller purple dots in the RBC =

A

basophilic stippling/ punctate basophilia

cause:
severe anemia caused by lead poisoning
sever infection
drug exposure
alcoholism
25
Q

child eats lead paint, feels lethargy, etc…

A

severe anemia caused by lead poisoning

PBS will show basophilic stippling

26
Q

howell-jolly bodies =

A

red cell inclusion which are residual nuclear fragments

see in hemolysis, megaloblastic anemia, post splenectomy

27
Q

indicate absence of spleen or hemolysis

A

howell-jolly bodies

28
Q

defects in heme synthesis microcytic anemias

A

iron deficiency
anemia of chronic disease
sideroblastic anemias

29
Q

defects in synthesis of globin chains microcytic anemias

A

a and b thalassemias

30
Q

microcytotic hypochromic anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia

31
Q

common causes of macrocytic anemia (MCV > 100)

A

Vit B12/folate deficiency
alcohol use
liver disease
retiuclocytosis

uncommon causes: myelodysplastc syndrome, HYPOTHYROIDISM

32
Q

pathogenesis of macrocytic anemias

A
  • defective DNA synthesis

- increased RBC membrane

CS2 Exam III (14 decks)

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