Embryo for test

Question 1

Where does sperm fertilize the egg?

Answer 1

Ampulla of fallopean tube

Question 2

Define fertilization

Answer 2

fusion of the male and female pronucleus

Question 3

What part of the egg hardens during block of polyspermy?

Answer 3

zona pellucida

Question 4

What are the first 2 layers that the sperm penetrates?

Answer 4

Corona radiata, then zona pellucida

Question 5

How many blastomeres are found in the morula?

Answer 5

16-32

Question 6

Where is the site of implantation?

Answer 6

Superior lateral uteral wall

Question 7

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 7

Fertilized egg develops outside uterus

Question 8

What is placenta previa?

Answer 8

Placenta forms too low and blocks uterine cervix, leading to bleeding and death of fetus

Question 9

During the 2nd week of pregnancy, what layers form?

Answer 9

Embryoblast: epi and hypoblast
Trophoblast: cyto and syncytiotrophoblast
2 cavities: amniotic cavity and yolk sac

Question 10

Which of the 3 germ layers do brain and spinal cord arise from?

Answer 10

Ectoderm

Question 11

Which of the 3 germ layers do kidneys and gonads arise from (specifically)?

Answer 11

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 12

What are the 2 types of lateral plate mesoderm?

Answer 12

Somatic mesoderm and splanchnic mesoderm

Question 13

What do somites give rise to (generally)?

Answer 13

Schlerotome, dermotome, myotome

Question 14

What germ layer does the notochord arise from?

Answer 14

Mesoderm

Question 15

What germ layer does hair, nails, and glands of skin arise from?

Answer 15

Ectoderm

Question 16

What does schlerotome come from and what does it give rise to?

Answer 16

• Comes from somites
• Gives rise to vertebrae and ribs
  (“schler” = hard)

Question 17

What does the notochord give rise to?

Answer 17

Nucleus pulposis of intervertebral discs

Question 18

What does myotome come from and what does it give rise to?

Answer 18

• Comes from somites

- Gives rise to trunk and limb musculature

Question 19

What does somatic mesoderm come from and what does it give rise to?

Answer 19

Comes from lateral plate mesoderm

• Parietal serosa
• Ventral dermis (dermotome gives dorsal)
• CT of limbs (bones, ligaments, joints)

Question 20

What does splanchnic mesoderm come from and what does it give rise to?

Answer 20

Comes from lateral plate mesoderm

• Walls of dig/resp tracts (but not epithelium)
• Visceral serosa
• Heart
• Blood vessels

Question 21

What does dermatome come from and what does it give rise to?

Answer 21

• Comes from somites
• Gives rise to dorsal dermis –“dermatome gives dorsal dermis”
  (somatic mesoderm gives ventral dermis)

Question 22

Describe the pharyngeal apparatus’s layers.

Answer 22

CAP:
Clefts,
Arches,
Pouches

Question 23

What do the children tend to do at the Golden Arches (McDonalds)?

Answer 23

Chew
Smile
Stylish
Swallow
Speak

Question 24

What pharyngeal arch is associated w/what CN?

Answer 24

Arch:
1 -- V
2 -- VII
3 -- IX
4/6 -- X

Question 25

What are the fates of the pharyngeal pouches?

Answer 25

Ear, Tonsils, Bottom To Top (4)

1. Tympanic cavity and auditory tube (ear)
2. Palatine tonsils and tonsillar fossa (tonsils)
3. Inferior parathyroid (bottom)
4. Thymus (to)
5. Superior parathyroid (top)

Question 26

What is the fate of the 1st pharyngeal cleft?

Answer 26

External auditory meatus

Question 27

What is the fate of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th pharyngeal clefts?

Answer 27

Obliteration via growth of a cervical sinus

- If this persists, forms a branchial cyst/fistula!

Question 28

What layer do phayngeal pouches comprise?

Answer 28

endoderm

Question 29

What layer do phayngeal clefts comprise?

Answer 29

ectoderm

Question 30

What layer do phayngeal arches comprise?

Answer 30

mesoderm