4.4.2 Respiration

Question 1

What is respiration

Answer 1

Respiration is the process of releasing energy (ATP - Adenosine triphosphate) from glucose and supplies all the energy required for life.

Question 2

What can organisms use energy for (3 basic factors)?

Answer 2

• chemical reactions to build larger molecules
• movement by muscle contraction
• keeping warm

Question 3

Is respiration endo or exothermic?

Answer 3

It is exothermic

Question 4

What are the types of respiration and their formulas:

Answer 4

Aerobic:
oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Anaerobic:
glucose -> lactic acid
(for plants) glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 5

How does your body switch to Anaerobic Respiration?

Answer 5

Increased exercise > Increased demand for oxygen >
- Increased heart rate
- Increased breathing rate
- Increased breath volume

Question 6

What is metabolism?

Answer 6

it is the sum of all reactions in a cell or the body

Question 7

What is the energy transferred by respiration in cells used for?

Answer 7

It is used for continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolism that synthesise new molecules

Question 8

What does Metabolism include?

Answer 8

• conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
• the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids
• the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which in turn are used to synthesise proteins
• respiration
• breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.