FOOT - injuries Flashcards
Midnight fracture
Fracture of the fifth toe
Lisfranc’s fx
Used today to describe fractures and dislocations that occur at the junction between the tarsal bones of the midfoot and the metatarsals of the forefoot. 1st & 2nd MT-cuneiform joints most commonly dislocated. Widening of space between the 1st and 2nd MT base. Diastasis > 2mm is diagnostic of Lisfranc injury.
Lisfranc dislocations may be missed in up to 20% of cases
Causes
- Severe plantar flexion of foot
- Sports-related injuries
- Motor vehicle accidents
- Falling from a height, down stairs or off a curb
Stress/ Marching fracture
MT fractures
Gout
is an arthritis caused by the inflammatory response to intra-articular monosodium urate crystals. Chronic, large crystal deposits in synovial membranes, articular cartilage, ligaments, bursae lead to extensive articular & periarticular destruction destruction of cartilage & soft-tissue enlargement
Hallux Valgus
Most common cause of bunions & hallux valgus is a combination of heredity, biomechanical abnormalities, neuromuscular disorders, inflammatory joint disease (arthritis), trauma, congenital deformities.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Joints of foot may be the first involved in this disease.
Early radiological findings are mainly of a decreased density in the ends of long bones, effusion within the joint capsule and destruction of the metatarsal heads appears early.
As the process continues there is joint space narrowing, generalised demineralisation, subluxations (partial dislocation), dislocations, ankylosis(stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion) & deformity.
Jones’ fracture
A Jones’ fracture is a fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal of the foot.
The injury is caused by stress plantarflexion and inversion.
It was named after Sir Robert Jones ( not the Nzer), who in 1902, sustained this fracture while dancing around a maypole at a garden dance.
