Module 10: Central and Peripheral Nervous System (from review)

Question 1

4 main regions of brain

Answer 1

cerebrum
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

Question 2

4 lobes of cerebrum

Answer 2

frontal (movement)
parietal (sensations)
temporal (hearing and smelling)
occipital (vision)

Question 3

frontal lobe

Answer 3

movement of voluntary skeletal muscle

concentration, planning, problem solving

Question 4

parietal lobe

Answer 4

sensations of temp, touch, pressure, pain

understanding speed and using words

Question 5

temporal lobe

Answer 5

hearing and smelling

memory

Question 6

occipital lobe

Answer 6

vision

combining images with other sensory experiences (sounds, odours)

Question 7

spinal cord

Answer 7

transmits impulses to and from brain

Question 8

CSF where is it found

Answer 8

water, traces of proteins glucose and lymphocytes

Found in subarachnoid space within cavities of brain and spinal cord

Question 9

CSF how is it formed

Answer 9

separation of fluid from blood in the choroid plexuses (ventricles in brain) and is released by ependymal cells

Question 10

CSF function

Answer 10

forms a cushion around brain/spinal cords
nourishes brain/SC
removes waste from nervous tissue and brings into venous blood

Question 11

functional classification of sensory receptors

Answer 11

mechanoreceptors (touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, itch)
Thermoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Chemoreceptors (chemicals in mouth, nose, body fluids)
Nociceptros (detect pain)

Question 12

Sensory receptors based on location

Answer 12

exteroceptors (near body surface, external environment)
Interoceptors (internal organs/blood vessels)
Proprioceptors (skeletal muscle, joints, tendons, bones etc)

Question 13

Nerve structure

Answer 13

bundles of nerve fibres surrounded by epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Question 14

12 cranial nerves

Answer 14

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Olfactory (smell)
Optic (vision)
Oculomotor (Eyelid/ball)
Trochlear (eyes downward)
Trigeminal (chewing)
Abducens (turns eye laterally)
Facial
Vestibulocochlear (hearing)
Glossopharyngeal (taste)
Vagus (blood pressure, heart rate)
Accessory (swallowing)
Hypoglossal (tongue)

Question 15

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 15

part of PNS
proper functions of internal organs
Automatic and operates unconsciously
2 divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 16

Sympathetic nervous system (of the ANS)

Answer 16

active in stressful situations

“fight or flight”

Question 17

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 17

active in non stressful situations

“feed and breed”, “rest and digest”

Question 18

Thoracolumbar outflow

Answer 18

another name for sympathetic nervous system “fight or flight”

Question 19

MS

Answer 19

autoimmune disease of CNS
loss of transmission of impulses
no cure

Question 20

Sciatica

Answer 20

form of neuritis

Question 21

Aging and the nervous system

Answer 21

balance impaired at age 65
muscle coordination deteriorates
Low blood pressure
Sense of smell and taste declines
Reflexes decline